Lab 3 (Cells) Flashcards
what are two examples of eukaryotic cells?
animals and plants
what are ribosomes?
assembles amino acids into proteins
what the rough ER do?
contains ribosomes
what do peroxisomes do?
breaks down fatty acids
what is passive process/transport?
moves down its concentration, moves material from higher to lower concentrations
what is active process/transport?
cellular energy is used to move the substance against its concentration gradient, move material from lower to higher concentration
what is hypertonic?
water has more of the solute than the cell does (shrinks)
what is isotonic?
water and solute are at the same concentration (equilibrium)
what are cells?
smallest unit of life
what do all cells have in common?
plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, DNA
what are all living organism made up of?
cells
what is unicellular?
one cell
what is multicellular?
many cells
what are organelles?
smaller parts of a cell
what are two types of cells?
eukaryotic and prokaryotic
are prokaryotic cell unicellular or multicellular?
unicellular
what two things don’t prokaryotic have?
nucleus and membrane bound organelles
what are two examples of prokaryotic cells?
bacteria and archaea
are eukaryotic cells unicellular or multicelluar?
multicellular
what do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes don’t?
nucleus and membrane bound organelles
where is the DNA store in a eukaryotic cell?
nucleus
what is the cytoplasm?
liquid that fills the space not occupied by organelles
what is the mitchondria?
the power house the cell, coverts food energy into ATP
what is the fucntion of the nucleus?
contain cell’s DNA genetic information
what is the plasma membrane?
the phospholipid layer surrounds the cell, controls what enter and leaves the cell
what is DNA?
where genetic makeup is stored
what is the endoplasmic reticulum?
synthesis of protein, lipids, and steroids
what doesn’t the smooth ER do that the rough ER does?
does not contain ribosomes
what does the Golgi apparatus do?
modifies, sorts, and packages proteins
what do lysosomes do?
digest excess or worn out organelles
what can diffuse across the plasma membrane without assistance?
small non-charges molecules
is energy required for passive transport?
no energy required
what is an example of passive transport?
diffusion
is energy required for active transport?
energy is required (ATP)
what is osmosis?
the movement of water across a membrane from higher to lower concentrations through selectively permeable membrane
what is tonicity?
the relative concentration of solute and solvent; how direction of water is determined
what is hypertonic?
water has less of the solute than the cell does (swells)
what is the cytosol?
gives internal support to the cell, help for proteins, organelles, etc. to move around
when do centrioles help with?
help with cell division in animal cells
