Lab 2 (Biological Molecules) Flashcards
what is the storage polysaccharide in animals?
gylcogen
what are proteins?
macromolecules formed by amino acids held by peptide chains
what is the function of a protein?
building blocks of the body and are used in nearly all the function of the body
what are lipids found as?
fats/oils, phospholipids and steroids
what are examples of where proteins are used?
hormones, enzymes, antibodies, growth maintenance, transport of molecules
what are lipids?
are water insoluble molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
what do lipids do?
store long term energy, protect vital organs, for cell membrane, and cell signaling
are lipids insoluble or soluble i water?
insoluble
what are lipids subdivided into?
triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids
are the nonpolar bonds formed between the carbon and hydrogen atoms of a lipid hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
hydrphobic
what is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
nucleotide
what is the function of a nucleic acid?
storage and expression of genetic information
what are the five nucleotide base pairs?
adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil
what are the 4 biological molecules?
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
what are polymers?
long chains of monomers
what are monomers?
repeating units that are linked over and over again to form polymers
what is dehydration synthesis?
water is removed when two monomers are joined to form polymers
what is hydrolysis?
water is added when the same polymers are broken apart
what is the monomer of carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
what is the function of carbohydrates?
serve as fuel and building blocks
what are carbohydrates composed of?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
what are some examples of carbohydrates?
starch, glucose and simple sugars
how does your body store glucose as?
glycogen
where does you body store glycogen?
muscle and liver
what are oligosaccharides?
a disaccharide which is formed from joining two monosaccharides
what are two examples of oligosaccharides?
sucrose and maltose
what are polysaccharides?
chains of monosaccharides that store energy or provide structure
what is the storage polysaccharide in plants?
starch
what is the monomer of a protein?
amino acid
what are peptides?
chains of amino acids
what are the monomers of lipids?
fatty acids and glycerol
what are nucleic acids?
nucleotides that make up the information storing molecules in our cells, DNA and RNA
can we test for nucleic acids?
No
