Lab 3

Question 1

Know how to do the blood type problems

Answer 1

Dominant:A, B, AB

Recessive O

Question 2

If a person failed a color-blind test they are most likely

Answer 2

Male

Question 3

Dominant

Answer 3

At least one parent is affected and multiple children are affected

Question 4

Recessive

Answer 4

Neither parent is affected but at least one child is affected

Question 5

X-linked

Answer 5

Occurs in mainly males and skips generations

Question 6

Know which chromosomes are autosomes

Answer 6

Autosomes are numbered chromosomes

Question 7

Which chromosomes are sex chromosomes

Answer 7

XX and XY

Question 8

Down’s

Answer 8

Extra 21 chromosome

Question 9

Turner

Answer 9

Female, with only one X chromosome

Question 10

Klinefelter

Answer 10

Male, extra X chromosome

Question 11

Jacob

Answer 11

Male, extra Y chromosome

Question 12

Deoxyribose

Answer 12

Black pentagon

Question 13

Ribose

Answer 13

Purple pentagon

Question 14

Phosphate

Answer 14

White tube connecting

Question 15

Adenine

Answer 15

Orange

Question 16

Cytosine

Answer 16

Blue

Question 17

Guanine

Answer 17

Yellow

Question 18

Thymine

Answer 18

Green

Question 19

Ribosome

Answer 19

Space ship

Question 20

DNA

Answer 20

Black deoxyribose between white phosphates with bases A-T, G-C

Question 21

m-RNA

Answer 21

Purple ribose between the white phosphates with bases A-U, G-C

Question 22

What molecule is produced by DNA replication?

Answer 22

DNA

Question 23

What are triplet codes?

Why is it called a triplet code?

Answer 23

3 bases on the DNA, because they are read in threes

Question 24

What molecule is produced by transcription?

Answer 24

mRNA

Question 25

What molecule is produced by translation?

Answer 25

Polypeptides/proteins

Question 26

Which type of RNA possesses codons?

Answer 26

mRNA

Question 27

Which type of RNA possesses anticodons?

Answer 27

tRNA

Question 28

What was the purpose of adding SDS?

Answer 28

Breaks down the cell and nuclear membrane, releasing DNA

Question 29

What was the purpose of adding 95% ethanol?

Answer 29

To precipitate the DNA

Question 30

Name the two ways the molecules are being separated

Answer 30

Charge and size

Question 31

Transformation

Answer 31

Making amino acids that will make proteins

Question 32

Place Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras in chronological order and translate

Answer 32

Ancient- Paleozoic era Middle - Mesozoic era Recent - Cenozoic era

Question 33

Homologous

Answer 33

Similar structures in different organisms

Question 34

Analogous

Answer 34

Different structures in different organisms

Question 35

Why are there differences in Chimpanzee and human postures?

Answer 35

Difference in curvature of spine because they walk on their knuckles, differences are due to locomotion

Question 36

Why are there differences between the human and chimpanzee facial features?

Answer 36

Diet, brain size, and locomotion

Question 37

What are the characteristics all embryos have in common?

Answer 37

Tail, sumites, pharyngeal pouches

Question 38

Comparing pig and chick embryo, which one is more similar to human and why?

Answer 38

Pig, mammals

Question 39

What are the same basic biochemical molecules all living organisms share?

Answer 39

DNA, ATP, 20 amino acids, and enzymes

Question 40

Wells containing serum. Which is closest to human?

Answer 40

Cloudiest is most similar to human

Question 41

What are the three main evidences that support evolution?

Answer 41

Fossil evidence, biochemical evidence, and comparative anatomy

Question 42

What is the purpose of the Hardy-Weinberg Law?

Answer 42

To tell if a population is evolving, enables us to calculate allelic and genotypic frequencies

Question 43

What is the equation dealing with genotypic frequencies?

Answer 43

P^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

Question 44

Frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype

Answer 44

p^2

Question 45

Frequency of the heterozygous genotype

Answer 45

2pq

Question 46

Frequency of the recessive genotype

Answer 46

q^2

Question 47

What is the equation dealing with allele frequencies?

Answer 47

p + q = 1

Question 48

Frequency of dominant allele

Answer 48

p

Question 49

Frequency of recessive allele

Answer 49

q

Question 50

Bottleneck effect

Answer 50

Catastrophe or predation that kills off part of a population

Question 51

Founder effect

Answer 51

Small group of a population that left voluntarily or got separated from the original population