Lab 3 Flashcards
Know how to do the blood type problems
Dominant:A, B, AB
Recessive O
If a person failed a color-blind test they are most likely
Male
Dominant
At least one parent is affected and multiple children are affected
Recessive
Neither parent is affected but at least one child is affected
X-linked
Occurs in mainly males and skips generations
Know which chromosomes are autosomes
Autosomes are numbered chromosomes
Which chromosomes are sex chromosomes
XX and XY
Down’s
Extra 21 chromosome
Turner
Female, with only one X chromosome
Klinefelter
Male, extra X chromosome
Jacob
Male, extra Y chromosome
Deoxyribose
Black pentagon
Ribose
Purple pentagon
Phosphate
White tube connecting
Adenine
Orange
Cytosine
Blue
Guanine
Yellow
Thymine
Green
Ribosome
Space ship
DNA
Black deoxyribose between white phosphates with bases A-T, G-C
m-RNA
Purple ribose between the white phosphates with bases A-U, G-C
What molecule is produced by DNA replication?
DNA
What are triplet codes?
Why is it called a triplet code?
3 bases on the DNA, because they are read in threes
What molecule is produced by transcription?
mRNA
What molecule is produced by translation?
Polypeptides/proteins
Which type of RNA possesses codons?
mRNA
Which type of RNA possesses anticodons?
tRNA
What was the purpose of adding SDS?
Breaks down the cell and nuclear membrane, releasing DNA
What was the purpose of adding 95% ethanol?
To precipitate the DNA
Name the two ways the molecules are being separated
Charge and size
Transformation
Making amino acids that will make proteins
Place Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras in chronological order and translate
Ancient- Paleozoic era
Middle - Mesozoic era
Recent - Cenozoic era
Homologous
Similar structures in different organisms
Analogous
Different structures in different organisms
Why are there differences in Chimpanzee and human postures?
Difference in curvature of spine because they walk on their knuckles, differences are due to locomotion
Why are there differences between the human and chimpanzee facial features?
Diet, brain size, and locomotion
What are the characteristics all embryos have in common?
Tail, sumites, pharyngeal pouches
Comparing pig and chick embryo, which one is more similar to human and why?
Pig, mammals
What are the same basic biochemical molecules all living organisms share?
DNA, ATP, 20 amino acids, and enzymes
Wells containing serum. Which is closest to human?
Cloudiest is most similar to human
What are the three main evidences that support evolution?
Fossil evidence, biochemical evidence, and comparative anatomy
What is the purpose of the Hardy-Weinberg Law?
To tell if a population is evolving, enables us to calculate allelic and genotypic frequencies
What is the equation dealing with genotypic frequencies?
P^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
Frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype
p^2
Frequency of the heterozygous genotype
2pq
Frequency of the recessive genotype
q^2
What is the equation dealing with allele frequencies?
p + q = 1
Frequency of dominant allele
p
Frequency of recessive allele
q
Bottleneck effect
Catastrophe or predation that kills off part of a population
Founder effect
Small group of a population that left voluntarily or got separated from the original population