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AN S 214 L > Lab 2 - Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Lab 2 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “hemo-“?

A

Blood

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2
Q

( ) is the latin prefix for “artery”?

A

Arteri

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2
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “vaso-“?

A

Vessel

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3
Q

What is the sound the heart makes when the Semilunar valve snaps shut?

A

Dub

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4
Q

Cardiac cells are connected by what?

A

Intercalated Discs

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5
Q

Veins contain what types of valves?

A

One-Way Valves

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6
Q

What is systemic circulation?

A

passage of blood from the hearts left ventricle to an organ and back to the left atrium organs, eye, kidney)

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7
Q

Functions of the circulatory system

A
  • Carry nutrients (amino acids, glucose, fatty acids and O2) to tissues
    *Carry waste products from tissues for disposal (urea, NH3 and CO2)
  • Distribute compounds throughout the body
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8
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Return extracellular fluid to the veins (disease control)

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9
Q

Pulmonary veins carry what concentration of blood to the heart?

A

Pulmonary veins carry HIGH oxygen blood from the lungs to the left atrium

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10
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “-emia”?

A

Blood

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11
Q

What directions do arteries carry blood?

A

AWAY from the heart

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12
Q

What are the three layers of an artery?

A

Tunica Intima - the inner lining, Tunica Media - the middle layer, Tunica Adventitia (extrema) - the outer layer

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13
Q

What is Elastin

A

protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue

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14
Q

What is Collagen?

A

Fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength; has a triple helical structure

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15
Q

What are the types of arteries?

A

elastic arteries, muscular arteries, arterioles

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16
Q

What are Elastic Arteries (Large)?

A

thick walled arteries by the heart and have a high proportion of elastin (aorta and major branches)

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17
Q

What are Muscular Arteries (Distributing) ?

A

Deliver blood to specific organs ( high proportion of smooth muscle)

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18
Q

What are arterioles?

A

Smallest arteries with lesser proportions of smooth muscles and elastin

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19
Q

What are Capillaries?

A

Endothelial Cells that are covered with a basement membrane that functions in the exchange of materials between blood and tissues

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20
Q

Veins carry blood in what direction?

A

To the heart

21
Q

What are veins?

A

Smooth Muscle circularly arranged

21
Q

Function of the Right Ventricle

A

recieves blood from the right atrium and transports the blood to the pumonary arteries

22
Q

semilunar valves

A

Valves loacted between the ventricles and arteries; prevents back flow of blood leaving the ventricles

23
Q

Function of the Aorta

A

carries blood from the left ventricle to the arteries serving all the parts of the body

24
Q

What is Pulmonary Circulation

A

Blood circulates from right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium

25
Q

What is the Hepatic portal System

A

(liver) transports blood collected from the absorptive areas of the digestive system to the liver then returned to the heart

25
Q

Blood Circulation Pattern

A
  1. Superior or Inferior vena cava
  2. Right atrium
  3. Atrioventricular valve
  4. Right ventricle
  5. Pulmonary valve
  6. Pulmonary artery
  7. Capillaries in the lungs
  8. Pulmonary veins
  9. Left Atrium
  10. Mitral Valve
  11. Left Ventricle
  12. Aortic semilunar valve
  13. Aorta
  14. Organ
  15. Superior or Inferior Vena Cava
26
Q

( ) is the latin prefix for “heart”?

A

Cardi

27
Q

What is the sound the heart makes when the Atrioventricular valve snaps shut?

A

Lub

28
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

A

aorta

29
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “erythro-“?

A

Red

30
Q

What is the meaning of the prefix “leuko-“?

A

White

31
Q

What are the types of capillaries?

A

continuous, fenestrated, sinusoids

32
Q

What are continuous capillaries?

A

endothelial cells held together by tight junctions (skeletal muscle)

33
Q

What are fenestrated capillaries?

A

leaky capillaries with pores that allow for rapid absorption and filtration (kidney and intestines)

34
Q

What are sinusoidal capillaries?

A

enothelial cell layer that has numerous larger intercellular gaps and an incomplete basement layer. Allows for exchange of large molecules and materials such as red blood cells
(liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, endocrine glands)

35
Q

What are the type of veins?

A

Veins and Venules

36
Q

What are venules?

A

Function in the exchange of materials between blood and the tissues at a large diameter

37
Q

What are Lymph Ducts?

A

Ducts in the lymphatic system that secretes a clear, yellowish fluid that is similar to blood, but it has no red blood cells or platelets.

38
Q

Function of the right atrium

A

to collect deoxygenate blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and moves to the right ventricle

39
Q

Function of the Pulmonary Artery

A

carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

40
Q

Function of the pulmonary vein

A

carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

41
Q

Function of the Left atrium

A

Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and pumps to the left ventricle

42
Q

Function of the left ventricle

A

Largest heart chamber.
Pumps blood to the aorta from the left atrium

43
Q

atrioventricular valves

A

Located between the atrias and ventricles; prevents blood from flowing from the ventricles back into the atrias
No valves where the vena cava and pulmonary veins enter the heart

44
Q

Function of the vena cava

A

Largest vein in the body; Has two parts (superior and inferior)

45
Q

Function of the superior vena cava

A

carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart

46
Q

Function of the inferior vena cava

A

carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the heart

47
Q

Function of the Coronary Arteries

A

Multiple arteries running on both sides of the heart and supply nutrients and O2 to the heart muscle

48
Q

What is a Portal system

A

Blood passing from one organ to another organ that is not the heart; passes through two capillary beds in a series

49
Q

What is the Hypothalamic_hypophyseal Portal System?

A

Blood from hypothalamus goes to hypophysis (pituitary) before returning to the heart. Carries hormone’s (releasing hormones) from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland.

AN S 214 L (6 decks)

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