Lab#2 Flashcards
What is the coronary sulcus
the R coronery artery sits here, separates right atrium from ventricle
What do the chordae tendineae do
open and close bicuspid and tricuspid valves as needed, prevent prolapse of valves
Describe layers of heart from superficial to deep
Fibrous pericardium Parietal pericardium pericardial cavity epicardium/visceral pericardium myocardium endocardium
How are arteries and veins different
- Veins - valves
- Arteries - THIIIICK tunica media (smooth muscle + elastic)
What tissue is tunica external
fibrous CT
Where does the superior mesenteric ARTERY go
(Pancreas, small intestine, colon)
where does the inferior mesenteric ARTERY go
(colon & rectum)
Where do the coronary arteries originate from
the ascending aorta
What does the coronary sinus do
Delivers deoxygenated blood to the R. Atrium
what is CAD
coronary artery disease - blockage of arteries that supply the heart
what is coronary ischemia
not having enough blood through the coronary arteries (caused by atherosclerosis or a clot)
What is a myocardial infraction
when blood flow decrease or stops to part of the heard, causing damage to the muscle
what is a coronary bypass graft
surgery that increases blood flow to the heart by using a healthy artery or vein, connect it to blocked artery to bypass the blocked part
what is a CVA
cerebrovascular accident- stroke
-Sudden loss of brain cells due to lack of oxygen when blood flow to the brain is impaired
-Symptoms: difficulty: walk, talk,understand
numbness in one side of body
Where is a common place for a CVA
the middle cerebral artery (B/c turbulence)
why does a stroke effect opposite side that it happens on
b/c the the axons cross over in the medulla oblongata and supply sensory and motor info to opposite side
what is a hemorrhagic stroke
a burst of a blood vessel or a weakened vessel leaks, causes swelling, pressure, lack of blood to brain tissues
what is a thrombotic stroke
caused by a blood clot in the brain (that developed in the brain)
what is a embolic stroke
caused by a blood clot in the brain (that was developed outside of brain and flowed up there)
What does hct measure
hematocrit, % taken up by RBC
what is MCV
mean corpuscular volume (RBC size)
what is MCH
mean corpuscular hemoglobin (Hb per RBC)
what is CRP
c-reactive protein (a liver protein, marker of inflammation)
what is PT
prothrombin time (time for plasma to clot)
what is LDH *enzyme
Lactate dehydrogenase ( indicates cell damage in muscle, its a muscle enzyme)
what is LDH1 *enzyme <3 made in cardiac cells
lactate dehydrogenase in cardiac muscle cells (indicated Cardiac cell damage)
what is CK *Enxyme
creatine kinase (muscle enzyme that indicates muscle damage)
what is CK-MB *Enzyme <3 made in cardiac cells
creatine kinase in cardiacs muscle cells that indicates heart muscle damage
what is cTnT *Protein
Cardiac troponin T (heart muscle or regular muscle damage)
what is cTnT1 *Protein <3 Made in cardiac cells
Cardiac troponin 1 (protein in cardiac muscle cells ONLY) indicates heart damage
