Lab #1 Flashcards
What does a neutrophil do
Kills bacteria by phagocytosis and respiratory burst, engulfs dying or dead cells
what does a lymphocyte do
produces a specific immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies
(virus, bacteria or tumor)
What does a monocyte do
developed into phagocytic macrophage, triggers specific defences by presenting an antigen to T cells (think hungry bean)
(bacterial mostly)
What does a eosinophil do
releases enzyme to destroy parasites, decrease allergic response by engulfing antibody labled materials
(think eos lip balm don’t share bc parasite)
What does a basophil do
releases histamine to trigger an inflammatory response (allergic reaction) (think of a basil allergy)
what does a thrombocyte do
forms a plug to seal small tears in blood vessels, releases a chem. to stimulate blood clotting
Significance of RBC structure
- biconcave: can stack, increased surface area decreased diffusion distance
- spectrin proteins in PM hip with squeezing through capillaries
- filled with hemoglobin and mitochondria
Which ones are granulocytes
Basophil, eosinophil, neurotrophil
What are the components of plasma
- Nutrients: glucose, amino acids, fat, vitamins
- Gases: CO2, O2
- Wastes: lactic acid, uric acid, urea, creatinine
- Ions: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl- ect.
- Plasma proteins: albumin, hormones, clotting proteins, alpha, beta & gamma globulins ( made in liver)
Leuokcyte ranges (NLMEB)
N-50-70% L- 20-30% M- 2-8% E- 2-4% B- 0.5-1%
What increased levels of each would suggest
N-Bacterial infection, myelitis leukaemia, rheumatoid arthritis, stress
L-Lymphocytic leukaemia, infections mononucleosis, viral infection
M- Chronic inflammation, viral infection, tuberculosis
E- Allergies, parasitic infection, autoimmune disorder
B- inflammatory proceses, healing
What decreased levels of each lymphocyte would mean
N-Aplasic or pernicious anemia, viral infection, radiation
L- radiation, aids, corticosteroid therapy
M- aplastic anemia, corticosteroid therapy
E- steroid therapy
B- hypersensitivity reactions
what would be present during an allergy
basophil, eosinophil
what is leukaemia
cancer of stem cells
what is leukocytosis
increased WBC count
what is leukopenia
decreased WBC count
what is leukopoiesis
formation of WBC
what is buffy coat
layer of WBC
how to calculate HCT
height of RBC column / total height of blood x 100
how to calculate MCV
hct / RBC count x 10
how to calculate MCH
hb / RBC count x 10
what is a microcyte
small RBC, below ave MCV
what is a macrocyte
large RBC, above average MCV
what is hyperchromic
more hemoglobin than ave, higher MCH
