Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Dendrite

A

Form synapses or detect stimuli and are adapted to generate graded potentials toward cell body and axon hillock

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2
Q

Axon hillock

A

Trigger zone and first part of axon

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3
Q

Where are Na channels found?

A

Axon hillock, initiate action potential at threshold

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4
Q

Myelin

A

Phospholipid and protein layer around axons that ↑ the speed of action potentials

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5
Q

Schwann cell

A

Glial cells responsible for forming myelin sheath n PNS

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6
Q

Node of ranger

A

Gaps in myelin sheath that allow Lons to enter and exit the axon and propagate ap

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7
Q

Collateral axon

A

Major branch of axon that can deliver the AP to different target cells

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8
Q

Axon terminal/ synaptic knob

A

Last structure of axon that contains neurotransmitters that will be released to communicate W / target cell

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9
Q

Vescides

A

Store nuerot, and release them into synaptic cleft when stimulated

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10
Q

Unipolar neuron

A

I process, sensory

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11
Q

Unipolar location

A

Nuclei, PNS, CNS. Dorsal root ganglion, cranial gangland

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12
Q

Bipolar

A

Sensory,2 processes

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13
Q

Bipolar location

A

PNS, sensory path

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14
Q

Multipolar

A

Many processes, integration and motor

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15
Q

Multipolar location

A

PNS, CNS, autonomic ganglia

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16
Q

Myelin is made up of the membranes of

A

Schwann cans in DNS and ologodendrites in CNS

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17
Q

What carries impulses away from the cell body of neuron?

A

Axons

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18
Q

What neurons can be found in retina of the eye?

A

Bipolar

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19
Q

Schwann cells are only found in

A

Peripheral nervous system

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20
Q

Myelin_ conduction velocity

A

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21
Q

The ‘blank’ is an interruption in myelin sheath which enhances conduction velocity by allowing saltatory conduction

A

Node of ranker

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22
Q

Membranes and therefore myelin are made of and

A

Phospholipids and protein

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23
Q

Cluster of cell bodies in CNS

A

Nuclei

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24
Q

Cluster of cell bodies in PNS

A

Ganglia

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25
What de nisei bodies responsible for?
Synthesis of proteins
26
outer membrane of axon
Axolemna
27
Function of Schwann cells
. Allow neurons to form multiple synapses
28
How do ions move in and out of cells?
Protein channels or pumps
29
What is an ion channel?
Protein that allows ions to diffuse through membrane
30
What factors determine in which direction ions will move through an open channel?
Ion concentration and charge
31
What two factors contribute to the existence of a resting membrane potential?
Diffusion and pumping of Na and k ions
32
Where would you find the ion channels on ligand gated? '
Soma and dendrites
33
Where on Na gated channels would you and?
Axon
34
Small positive change in RMP but not great enough to result in AP
EPSP
35
Post synaptic membrane had small regions of hyperpolarization, these local occurrences of hyperpolarization would be called _
IPSP
36
Result of calcium influx
Neurotic. Released into synaptic deft via exocytesis
37
Synaptic vesicles
Store and transport neurot
38
Ventral hom
Grey matter, contains call bodies of lower motor neurons
39
Dorsal horn
Gray matter, contains sensory
40
Lateral horn
Regulate autonomic nervous system
41
Difference between gray horns and white columns is
Gray horns an composed of gray matter
42
Central canal is lived by _cells
Ependymal
43
Sub arachnoid space contalhs
CSF
44
White columns carry impulses along pathways called ?
Tracts
45
Info carried along tracts is either
Sensory ur motor
46
Olgedendroohtes found in?
White matter or columns
47
A lumbar puncture would remove fluid from what space
Subarachnoid space
48
What produces CSF?
Chorale plexus, produced through active ion, transport, which results in secretion of sodium and chloride Lons
49
Composition of CSF
Glucose, proteins, lipids, electrolytes
50
What structure 'absorbs' the CSF back into circulatory system?
Arachhold granulations carachnold vile)
51
Hydrocephalus
CSF is produced but does not drain efficiently
52
Lumbar puncture
Allow samples of CSF to diagnose
53
Basal nuclei
Gray matter w/in cerebrum; caudate, putanan, globus pallidus
54
Function of basal nuclei
Moderate movement; determine actions based on intentions and personality
55
Insult
Self awareness and sensations, behavior and cravings
56
① depolarization (rising phase)
Rising phase, membrane potential rapidly becomes more + due to opening of voltage gated Na, allowing Na into the cell
57
② depolarization (failing phase)
Membrane potential returns to resting state due to closing of sodium channels and opening of potassium channels, allowing K to flow out of the cell
58
Threshold potential
Certain level of depolarization must be reached threshold potential to trigger an action potential
59
Refectory period
After action potential, brief period where neuron cannot fire another action potential, ensures unidirectional signal propagation
60
Hyperpolarization
Membrane potential becomes more negative, opposite of depolarization. Makes it more difficult to move membrane potential to action potential threshold, Inhibiting action potentials
61
Resting membrane potential
Electrical potential difference across cell's plasma membrane when the cell is at rest
62
Thalamus
Receives and directs sensory signals from body to appropriate areas of cerebral cortex, play a role in consciousness, sleep, and motorfunc.
63
Hypothalamus
Controls vital bodily functions like temp., hunger, thirst, blood pressure, primary link between nervous and endocrine system
64
Epithalamus
Contains pineal gland, which produces melatonin