Lab 15 Hip And Knee Joint Flashcards
Muscles that cross the hip joint? 4 of them
Sartorius-from the ASIS
Pectineus-from the pectineal line of the femur
Rectus femoris- from the AIIS
Tensor fascia latae- from the ASIS and iliac crest
3 joints of the fibrous joint capsule
- pubofemoral
- iliofemoral
- ischiofemoral
Pubofemoral
-inferomedial from an anterior view; horzontal fibers
Iliofemoral
-intermediate from an anterior view; vertical fibers
Ischiofemoral
-starts posterior, spirals over the superior surface of the lateral end of the neck; most lateral from anterior view
Hip dislocation locations?
- occurs in high-energy collisions
1. Hip is abducted, and laterally rotated - add flexed->posterior dislocation
- add extended->anterior dislocation
2. Hip is flexed, adducted, and medially rotated-> posterior dislocation
What happens if the head reduces into the acetabulum?
- you will not be able to remove it
- you must keep the head dislocated before cutting the neck
- once the head is dislocated, keep the head from re-entering the joint. If the joint has good suction, you will not get it back out
Acetabular labrum attachment?
-attached to the rim of the acetabulum to increase its size
Lunate surface of the acetabulum
-articulation surface of acetabulum
Acetabular fossa
-filled in with fat
Ligament of the head of the femur
- attaches to fovea on the head of the femur and transverse acetabular ligament
- in situ is in the fossa
Transverse acetabular ligament
-completes the acetabulum inferiorly at the notch
Pes anserinus (goose foot)
- medial side of the knee
- tendons of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus
Tibial (medial) collateral ligament
Under the connective tissue on the medial side of the knee joint capsule
*ligament is thickening of the joint capsule, not a separate entity
Biceps femoris tendon location?
- on lateral side of the knee, attaches to the fibular head
- this tendon can blend with the fibular collateral ligament, thus without isolation, you will likely lose the ligament during detachment
Where does the iliotibial tract attach and what is the site called?
- attaches to the anterior surface of the lateral condyle of the tibia
- called the Gerdy’s tubercle of the tibia
Pain of the knee location by age?
- runners typically have pain on the Gerdy’s tubercle of the tibia
- elderly typically have pain in the pes anserinus
Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament location?
- separate from the join capsule, running between the fibular head and the lateral epicondyle of the femur
- it is found more posterior than you will at first imagine, so locate the fibular head to identify
- collateral ligaments are tight in knee extension and loosen when the knee is flexed
Popliteal surface of the tibia location?
-above the soleal line
Popliteus muscle attachment?
-travels superolaterally to the lateral side of the knee
Popliteal tendon passes?
-deep to the fibular collateral ligament
Arcuate popliteal ligament
- superficial portion of the joint capsule
- crosses the popliteal tendon in the posterolateral region of the knee
Tibial tuberosity?
-quadriceps femoris tendon, the patella, and the patellar ligament will be reflected from this
Anterior cruciate ligament path?
-pass superiorly, laterally, and posteriorly from an anterior position on the intercondylar eminence of the tibia to the lateral condyle of femur
What do the posterior and anterior cruciate ligaments form?
-form an X, or a cross
Transverse ligament of the knee (transverse meniscus ligament)
-passes along the tibial plateau, attaching to and found between the two menisci, just anterior to the tibial attachment of the ACL
Role of PCL and ACL in flexion and extension?
- full extension, the ACL is taut and inhibits further extension
- in flexion, the PCL prevents posterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur (posterior drawer test/sign)
- in flexion, the ACL prevents anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur (anterior drawer test/sign)
