Lab 15 Hip And Knee Joint

Question 1

Muscles that cross the hip joint? 4 of them

Answer 1

Sartorius-from the ASIS
Pectineus-from the pectineal line of the femur
Rectus femoris- from the AIIS
Tensor fascia latae- from the ASIS and iliac crest

Question 2

3 joints of the fibrous joint capsule

Answer 2

• pubofemoral
• iliofemoral
• ischiofemoral

Question 3

Pubofemoral

Answer 3

-inferomedial from an anterior view; horzontal fibers

Question 4

Iliofemoral

Answer 4

-intermediate from an anterior view; vertical fibers

Question 5

Ischiofemoral

Answer 5

-starts posterior, spirals over the superior surface of the lateral end of the neck; most lateral from anterior view

Question 6

Hip dislocation locations?

Answer 6

• occurs in high-energy collisions
  1. Hip is abducted, and laterally rotated
• add flexed->posterior dislocation
• add extended->anterior dislocation
  2. Hip is flexed, adducted, and medially rotated-> posterior dislocation

Question 7

What happens if the head reduces into the acetabulum?

Answer 7

• you will not be able to remove it
• you must keep the head dislocated before cutting the neck
• once the head is dislocated, keep the head from re-entering the joint. If the joint has good suction, you will not get it back out

Question 8

Acetabular labrum attachment?

Answer 8

-attached to the rim of the acetabulum to increase its size

Question 9

Lunate surface of the acetabulum

Answer 9

-articulation surface of acetabulum

Question 10

Acetabular fossa

Answer 10

-filled in with fat

Question 11

Ligament of the head of the femur

Answer 11

• attaches to fovea on the head of the femur and transverse acetabular ligament
• in situ is in the fossa

Question 12

Transverse acetabular ligament

Answer 12

-completes the acetabulum inferiorly at the notch

Question 13

Pes anserinus (goose foot)

Answer 13

• medial side of the knee

- tendons of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus

Question 14

Tibial (medial) collateral ligament

Answer 14

Under the connective tissue on the medial side of the knee joint capsule
*ligament is thickening of the joint capsule, not a separate entity

Question 15

Biceps femoris tendon location?

Answer 15

• on lateral side of the knee, attaches to the fibular head
• this tendon can blend with the fibular collateral ligament, thus without isolation, you will likely lose the ligament during detachment

Question 16

Where does the iliotibial tract attach and what is the site called?

Answer 16

• attaches to the anterior surface of the lateral condyle of the tibia
• called the Gerdy’s tubercle of the tibia

Question 17

Pain of the knee location by age?

Answer 17

• runners typically have pain on the Gerdy’s tubercle of the tibia
• elderly typically have pain in the pes anserinus

Question 18

Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament location?

Answer 18

• separate from the join capsule, running between the fibular head and the lateral epicondyle of the femur
• it is found more posterior than you will at first imagine, so locate the fibular head to identify
• collateral ligaments are tight in knee extension and loosen when the knee is flexed

Question 19

Popliteal surface of the tibia location?

Answer 19

-above the soleal line

Question 20

Popliteus muscle attachment?

Answer 20

-travels superolaterally to the lateral side of the knee

Question 21

Popliteal tendon passes?

Answer 21

-deep to the fibular collateral ligament

Question 22

Arcuate popliteal ligament

Answer 22

• superficial portion of the joint capsule

- crosses the popliteal tendon in the posterolateral region of the knee

Question 23

Tibial tuberosity?

Answer 23

-quadriceps femoris tendon, the patella, and the patellar ligament will be reflected from this

Question 24

Anterior cruciate ligament path?

Answer 24

-pass superiorly, laterally, and posteriorly from an anterior position on the intercondylar eminence of the tibia to the lateral condyle of femur

Question 25

What do the posterior and anterior cruciate ligaments form?

Answer 25

-form an X, or a cross

Question 26

Transverse ligament of the knee (transverse meniscus ligament)

Answer 26

-passes along the tibial plateau, attaching to and found between the two menisci, just anterior to the tibial attachment of the ACL

Question 27

Role of PCL and ACL in flexion and extension?

Answer 27

• full extension, the ACL is taut and inhibits further extension
• in flexion, the PCL prevents posterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur (posterior drawer test/sign)
• in flexion, the ACL prevents anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur (anterior drawer test/sign)