Lab 10. Superficial Lower Limb

Question 1

General location of the great saphenous vein (GSV)

Answer 1

-from foot to inguinal (anterior to medial malleolus, anteromedial leg, posteromedial leg, posteromedial to knee, anteromedial thigh)

Question 2

Saphenous nerve

Answer 2

• anterior to the GSV in the leg
• runs parallel to the GSV in the anteromedial aspect of the leg
• terminal branch of the femoral nerve

Question 3

Sural nerve

Answer 3

• paralleling the distal half of the small saphenous vein (SSV) in the leg
• pierces the crural fascia at about the mid-leg, thus is only found in the distal half of the leg

Question 4

Superficial fibular nerve

Answer 4

-pierces the crural fascia in the distal anterolateral leg and then branching over the dorsal foot

Question 5

Dorsal venous arch

Answer 5

• on the dorsal of the foot

- anastomoses with GSV and SSV

Question 6

Inguinal ligament

Answer 6

-between anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the pubic tubercle

Question 7

Valves in veins

Answer 7

• both superficial and deep veins have valves

- perforating veins shunt blood from superficial veins to deep veins

Question 8

Vertical group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 8

-situated around the proximal end of the GSV

Question 9

Horizontal group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 9

-arranged parallel to and about 2cm inferior to the inguinal ligament

Question 10

Saphenous opening

Answer 10

-GSV passes through the saphenous opening in the fascia lata (~4cm inferior to the inguinal ligament) to merge with the femoral vein

Question 11

Superficial external pudendal vein

Answer 11

-passes medially toward the pubic symphysis and the external genitalia

Question 12

Superficial epigraphic vein

Answer 12

-passes superomedially toward the umbilicus

Question 13

Superficial circumflex iliac vein

Answer 13

• passes superolaterally paralleling the inguinal ligament

- may start seeing the horizontal group of nodes with this vein

Question 14

Perforating vein of the great saphenous

Answer 14

-connects the deep surface of the GSV to the deep vein system by piercing the fascia lata

Question 15

Fascia of the lower limb

Answer 15

• fascia lata of the thigh
• crural fascia of the leg
• pedal fascia of the foot

Question 16

Iliotibial tract (band)

Answer 16

-not separate from the fascia lata, it is a thickening of it

Question 17

Small saphenous vein pierces?

Answer 17

• pierces the deep fascia of the popliteal fossa to merge with the popliteal vein
• follow toward the dorsal foot as it wraps around the lateral malleolus, first posterior to and then inferior

Question 18

Superficial vein valves

Answer 18

-both superficial and deep veins have valves (deep veins have more) (more valves in distal leg than proximal thigh)

Question 19

Small saphenous vein

Answer 19

• formed by lateral end of foot’s dorsal v. arch, dorsal vein of little toe
• ascends posterior to the lateral malleolus
• lateral to Achilles, between heads of the Gastrocnemius
• empties to the popliteal vein

Question 20

What problems arise when valves of veins are compromised?

Answer 20

• spider veins, varicose veins, Deep vein thrombosis (risk of pulmonary embolism)
• backward flow of veins

Question 21

What can superficial lymph nodes tell you about a patient?

Answer 21

-if they are swollen then the patient may have an infection, injury, or cancer

Question 22

Where does someone with IT Band syndrome fell pain?

How do you treat IT band syndrome?

Answer 22

• the outward facing side of the knee, at or just above the lateral epicondyle
• ice, rest, stretching, foam rolling, strengthening gluteus max and min

Question 23

What area of the leg and foot does the sural nerve distribute?

Answer 23

-lateral and posterior 1/3 of leg as well as the lateral aspect of foot and heel
Wiki-sensory signals from the posterior lateral corner of the leg and the lateral and 5th toe towards the spinal cord and brain

Question 24

Lata (L. latus)

Answer 24

Broad

Question 25

Sural

Answer 25

(L. sura, calf of the leg)

Question 26

saphenous meaning

Answer 26

(Gr. obvious)