Lab 12. Gluteal Region And Posterior Thigh Flashcards
When removing fascia from the gluteus maximus, what is deep superolaterally?
-gluteal aponeurosis and/or tensor fascia lata
Borders of gluteus maximus?
-medial attachment is not a thine line, but a wide swath along the iliac crest, sacrum, an the sacrotuberous ligament
Where is the gluteal aponeurosis located?
- found superolateral to the gluteus maximus
- inferior to the iliac crest
- covering the gluteus medius muscle
Where is the sacrotuberous ligament
-neat the inferior margin of gluteus maximus, medial edge of the muscle
Where is the inferior gluteal neurovasculature?
-deep surface of the central portion of the gluteus maximus
Where is the tensor fasciae latae muscle located?
- within the proximal end of the iliotibial tract, inferior to the ASIS
- this “gluteal” muscle can be up to 20cm (8 in) in length
Inferior border of the gluteus medius
-just lateral to the superior gluteal neurovasculature b/t the gluteus medius and the more inferiorly positioned piriformis
Superior gluteal artery and nerve
-emerging from pelvis superior to the piriformis, thru the suprapiriform foramen
Inferior gluteal artery and nerve
-emerging from the pelvis inferior to piriformis, thru the infrapiriform foramen
Where doe the sciatic nerve emerge?
- from the pelvis inferior to the piriformis and just lateral to the inferior gluteal neurovasculature
- sciatic (L. ischiadicus, related to ischium/hip)
Where does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve emerge?
- emerges from the pelvis inferior to the piriformis, medial to the sciatic nerve
- runs on the deep surface of the fascia lata
What froms the triceps coxae?
- superior gemellus, tendon of the obturator internus, inferior gemellus
- all three “fuse” together laterally prior to attaching to the greater trochanter of the femur.
- gemellus (L. gemellus, Twin)
Quadratus femoris location
- inferior to the gemellus inferior and also partially covered by the sciatic nerve
- inferior to the quadratus femoris, you should see the most superior portion of the adductor magnus
Nerve to the obturator internus
- adjacent/medial to the inferior gluteal neurovasculature
- small nerve entering the obturator internus
Semitendinosus (anatomical position)
- it is mote superficial in the medial half of the thigh
- has a long cord-like distal tendon which sweeps to the anterior to the tibia to contribute to pets anserinus
Semimembranosus (anatomical position)
- it is deep to the semitendinosus in the medial half of the thigh
- has a membranous (broad, thin) proximal tendon
- its distal tendon insert on the posterior surface of the medial tibial condyle
Adductor magnus, location and artery
- anterior to the semitendinosus.
- perforating branches of the deep artery of the thigh pierce it close to the femur and adjacent to the short head of the biceps femoris
- distally is the adductor hiatus
Long head of the biceps femoris
- in anatomical position, it is more superficial in the lateral half of the thigh
- converges distally with the deeper short head of the biceps femoris to attach to the fibular head
- anterior to the long head is the posterior surface of the vastus lateralis (thru the Intermuscular septum)
3 muscle of the hamstring
- semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of the biceps femoris (not the short head)
- hamstring portion (ischiocondylar) of the adductor magnus is considered ‘hamstring’ as it shares a common origin (ischial tuberosity), a common innervation (tibial nerve), and a common function (hip extension)
Short head of the biceps femoris
-deep to the distal half of the long head of the biceps femoris, of which it merges with distally
Pes anserinus (goose’s foot)
- common distal attachment to the anteriomedial sapect of the proximal tibia of the:
1. Gracilis
2. Semitendinosus
3. Sartorius
Bifurcation of the sciatic nerve
- tibial nerve
- common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve)
Boundaries of the popliteal fossa?
- superolateral-biceps femoris
- superomedial-semitendinosus and semimembranosus
- inferolateral-lateral head of the gastrocnemius
- inferomedial-medial head of the gastrocnemius
Popliteal vein and artery disappear ?
-superiorly through the adductor hiatus
