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A&P LAB > lab 13 > Flashcards

lab 13 Flashcards

1
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

measures arterial blood pressue
- the first sound you hear from this test measures your systolic pressure
-second sound is called diastolic pressue
- your blood pressure is expressed as
systolic/diastolic

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2
Q

define systolic pressure

A

maximum pressure in the arteries during the ventricular contraction

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3
Q

define diastolic pressure

A

the minimum pressure in the arteries during ventricular relaxation

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4
Q

why cant you measure venous blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer?

A

because venous blood pressure is much lower than arterial blood pressure

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5
Q

what is the valsalva manouver?

A
  • increases intrathoracic pressure

- can be used to demonstrate the effects of throacic pressure changes on venous blood pressure

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6
Q

define term pulse

A

refers to the expansion and recoiling in an artery that occur with each contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle

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7
Q

what would drinking caffeine do to your pulse rate?

A

it would increase your pulse rate

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8
Q

what does epinephrine do to the heart?

A

it increases the heart rate, stimulated by the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system

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9
Q

what does acetylcholine do to the heart?

A

causes heart rate to decrease and strength of contraction to decrease. it is also part of the parasympathetic nervous system

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10
Q

what is hypertension?

A

abnormally high blood pressure

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11
Q

why is abnormally high blood pressure bad?

A

it increases the risk for heart attacks

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12
Q

what is the cardiac conduction system?

A

a network of specialized cardiac muscle cells that provide a pathway for electrical activity to progress through the heart

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13
Q

define electrocardiography

A

the measurement and analysis of currents associated with heart activity

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14
Q

define electrocardiogram

A

the recording of electrical changes of the heart

-composed of a P WAVE, QRS COMPLEX, and a T WAVE

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15
Q

P wave

A

the upward positive deflection associated with atrial depolarization

  • average duration is 0.08 seconds
  • amplitude is not greater than 0.3 milivolts
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16
Q

QRS complex

A

series of negative and positive deflections associated with ventricular depolarization

17
Q

T wave

A

positive deflection following the QRS complex representing ventricular repolarization

18
Q

what is the larynx composed of?

A

the larynx is composed of 9 pieces of cartilage including the thyroid cartilage

19
Q

what type of epithelium makes up the trachea?

A

pseudostratified epithelium

- has cillia to sweep away dust and bacteria

20
Q

about the trachea:

A

contains a c shaped band of cartilage made of hyaline cartilage

  • has perichondrium, a layer of dense irregular connective tissue
  • also has chondrocytes- mature cartilage cells
21
Q

what type of epithelium is found in the alveoli? whats its function?

A

-simple squamous epithelium: epithelium for diffusion of respiratory gases

22
Q

what is inspiration?

A

the movement of air into the respiration system

23
Q

what is expiration?

A

the movement of air out f the respiratory system

24
Q

what is atmospheric pressure?

A

the pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere at sea level

25
Q

what is intrapulmonary pressure?

A

pressure inside the lugs varies between inhalation and exhalation

26
Q

during inspiration, muscular contraction causes the thorax to _______. this causes a ________ in intrapulmonary pressure.

A

decrease, decrease.

27
Q

during normal expiration, the relaxation of muscles causes the thorax to ______. this change causes a _____ to intrapulmonary pressure

A

increase, increase

28
Q

what is intrapleural pressue?

A

pressure in the pleural cavity

29
Q

what would happen if pressure and atp became equal?

A

no movement

30
Q

what is tidal volume?

A

the volume of air inspired or expired with each normal respiration

  • average tidal volume is about 500 mL
  • the diaphragm is involved during quiet inspiration
31
Q

expiratory reserve volume

A

volume of air that can be forcibly expired after normal expiration
-average volume is about 1000mL

32
Q

vital capacity

A

maximum amount of air that can be moved into and out of the lungs from a maximum inspiration and make a maximal expiration
about 4000mL
-uses your intercostal muscles

33
Q

inspiratory reserve volume

A

the volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal inspiration

34
Q

what do the alveoli do?

A

gas exchange

A&P LAB (7 decks)

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