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A&P Lab Exam > Lab 10 Joints and Muscular System > Flashcards

Lab 10 Joints and Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

The Functional Classification of joints is based on:

A

The amount of movement that can occur at the joint.

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2
Q

List the 3 basic types of functional activity of joints.

A

Synarthorses; immovable
Ampiarthroses; slightly moveable
Diarthroses; movable

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3
Q

The Structural Classification of joints relies on:

A

The type of connective tissues which binds the articulating surfaces together.

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4
Q

What are the 3 structural joint classifications?

A
  1. Fibrous
  2. Cartilaginous
  3. Synovial
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5
Q

What are the 2 types of Fibrous Joints?

A

Sutures

Syndesmoses

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6
Q

What is an example of a Syndesmoses joint?

A

Between the tibia and fibula distally

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7
Q

Where are examples of sutures located?

A

Cranial and facial bones.

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?

A

1) Synchondroses

2) Symphyses

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9
Q

Functionally what type of cartilaginous joint is the articulation of rib 1 and the manubrium?

A

Synchondroses

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10
Q

What is an example of a Symphyses cartilaginous joint?

A

Intervertebral d0iscs between the bodies of the vertebrae

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11
Q

List the 6 types of Synovial Joints.

A

1) Plane
2) Hinge
3) Pivot
4) Condyloid
5) Saddle
6) Ball and Socket

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12
Q

The shoulder and hip joint are examples of what type of synovial joint?

A

Ball and Socket

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13
Q

Give 2 examples of Plane joints.

A

1) Between carpal bones of the wrist

2) Sternocostal joints of ribs 2-7

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14
Q

The elbow joint is an example of a pivot joint.

True/False

A

False. It is a hinge joint.

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15
Q

Give 3 examples of Hinge Joints.

A

1) Elbow
2) Knee
3) Ankle

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16
Q

What type of synovial joint is formed by the atlas and axis?

A

Pivot Joint

17
Q

Describe a Condyloid Joint and give an example.

A

An oval convex surface of one bone fits into an oval concave surface of another bone.
-Between metacarpals and phalanges or metatarsals and phalanges

18
Q

The articulations between the carpal and metacarpal of the thumb is what type of synovial joint?

A

Saddle Joint

19
Q

Describe between dorsiflexion and plantar flexion.

A

Dorsiflexion- toes point toward shin (flexed foot)

Plantar flexion- toes point downward

20
Q

What is the movement of extension beyond anatomical position.

A

Hyperextension

21
Q

Define between eversion and inversion movements of the foot.

A

Eversion- soles turn outward

Inversion- soles turn inward (how I role my ankle)

22
Q

How many degrees do Rotation and Circumduction allow for?

A

Rotation- 180

Circumduction- 360

23
Q

What is the most unstable joint in the body and what type of joint is it functionally and structurally?

A

Shoulder Joint (Glenohumeral Joint)
Functionally: Diarthroses
Structurally: Synovial (Ball and Socket)

24
Q

List the supporting ligaments of the shoulder joints.

A
  • Coracoclavicular Ligament
  • Acromioclavicular Ligament
  • Coracoacromial Ligament
  • Coracohumeral Ligament
25
Q

How many bursa are found in the knee joint?

A

At least 12

26
Q

The ________ is embedded in the patellar ligament.

A

Patella

27
Q

What are the 3 ligaments involved in the hip joint?

A
  • Iliofemoral Ligaments
  • Pubofemoral Ligament
  • Ischiofemoral Ligament
28
Q

What ligament is concealed within the hip joint that supplies the femur?

A

Ligamentum teres

29
Q

What are 2 functions of synovial joints?

A
  • Lubricate the 2 articulating bones

- Provide nutrients to the articulating cartilage

30
Q

What is the function of the ligaments surrounding a joint?

A

To reinforce and strengthen synovial joints.

31
Q

Inflammation of tendons due to overuse is called what?

A

Tendonitis

32
Q

Describe arthritis.

A

Painful inflammation and stiffness of joints.

33
Q

Define the Origin of a muscle.

A

The bony site of attachment of a muscle at the relatively stationary end of a bone (proximal attachment)

34
Q

The middle thicker portion of a muscle is called what?

A

Belly

35
Q

The attachment site on the bone which moves is called the ______ of a muscle.

A

Insertion

36
Q

Define between Agonist and Antagonist.

A

Agonist: The muscles whose contraction is the primary mover for an action.

Antagonist: The muscle that stretches/yields at the movement of another muscle (agonist).

37
Q

What muscle term stabilizes the origin of the agonist so that the agonist can move more efficiently.

A

Fixator

38
Q

Define Synergist.

A

Muscles that contract at the same time to produce an action.

39
Q

Name the 3 muscle layers of the abdominal wall from most external to internal.

A

1) External Oblique
2) Internal Oblique
3) Transverse Abdominis

A&P Lab Exam (7 decks)

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