LAB 1 PARTICLE MOVEMENT (Diffusion, Osmosis, Filtration) Flashcards
Why is the the plasma membrane partially permeable?
allows some things through, but preventing others from passing
What is Kinetic energy?
The energy of motion
NOTE :
-All atoms are moving
-Kinectic energy is temperature dependent
What is Brownian motion?
The random movement of molecules produced from kinetic energy.
(movement is temperature dependent)
NOTE:
motion of particles in liquid/gas
Movemet was observed in ‘wet mount of milk’ experiment
AT THE END OF CARDS REVIEW ALL EXPERIMENTS
AND TAKE NOTES!
ALL EXPERIMENTS
Does brownian motion ever stop?
Under what conditions does it stop?
Brownian motion is affected by temperature – Motion stops at 0 Kelvin
What is diffusion?
The movement of molecules from an area of high oncentration to an area of low concentration
List 5 factors that affects diffusion?
Properties of diffusion:
Diffusion is dependent on:
- Size/molecular weight – Increase with smaller moleules
- It’s concentration – faster in gaseous than solid or liquid states
- The concentration gradient – increases with a larger concentration gradient
4.Distance – increase with shorter distances
5.temperature – increase at higher temperature
What factors will influence the rate of diffusion?
Same as previous question
RELY ON YOUR MEMORY FOR ANSWERS!
Hint: 5 factors
What is the end result of diffusion called?
Equilibrium
What is Equilibrium?
The end of diffusion – when the molecules are evenly spread
Does movement stop at the end of diffusion?
random movement (Brownian motion) still occurs
What is osmosis?
The movement of water through a SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
TRUE OR FALSE
1. low concentration = More water
2. High concentration = Less water
BOTH TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Osmosis only occurs if the membrane is permeable to water but not to certain solutes?
TRUE
review osmosis experiments
what is osmotic pressure?
-Stops the flow of water through a semipermeable membrane
(prevents osmosis from happening)
eg: see molasses experiment - zoom review
The osmotic pressure of molasses (solution) prevented too much water from passing throught the thistle tube - high moliculer level (large particles)
Does the cell use energy for osmosis to occur?
It requires no energy ( NO ATP)
-passive mechanism requires no ATP/energy
-Random molecular motion of particles provides necessary energy (brownian motion)
What is tonicity?
How concentration affects cell
The ability of the solution surrounding a cell to cause that cell to gain or lose water
(solution alters cells water content)
Name the types of solution?
1.Hypertonic
2.Isotonic
3.Hypotonic
What is Isotonic solution?
water concentration is the same inside and outside of the cell – results in no movement of water
TRUE OR FALSE
If two environment have the same concentration its refered to as ISOTONIC SOLUTION?
TRUE
If the concentration in the cell is the same as the concentration around it what will happen if the cell burst?
OR
What is the effect of Isotonic solution on the cell?
Nothing will happen (NO CHANGE)
- The concentration of water will not change/increase ↔️🔴⬅️➡️
What is ‘Hypertonic solution’?
-Lower concentration of water ouside cell - higher concentration of water inside cell
-Surrounding Solution contains higher solute concentration than the red blood cell
Water moves out of cell ⬅️🔴
Whats the effect of a hypertonic solution on the red blood cell?
causes “crenation” – cell shrinkage
(the movement of water will excrete from the cell and into the solution) – causing the cell to shrink ⬅️🔴
What is ‘hypotonic solution’?
-A solution with low solute and high water concentraion.
-Higher concentration of water outside of cell - higher concentration of solute inside cell
-water moves inside the cell ➡️🔴
what is the effect of hypotonic solution on the cell?
cell absorb water – Hemolysis occurs – cell burst
Net movement of water - inside cell ➡️🔴
What is “filtration”?
The separation of molecules by size though a SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE
What is the name of the solution that passes through the filter?
filtrate
What is active processes?
Cell requires energy in the form of ATP for active processes
What is passive processes?
The cell does not require energy for passive processes
SUCH AS:
-FILTRATION
-DIFFUSION
-OSMOSIS
