LAB 1 MICROSCOPE Flashcards
What are microscopes used for?
They are used to see small objects
- What is a compoud microscope?
- What does ‘compound’ in reference to a microscope means?
- A microscope that uses 2 or more lens to enlarge an object
- Two (2) or more lens
What is a light microscope? (compound light microscope)
uses a lamp/light to illuminate the specimen
List 3 ways to care (safety) for the microscope?
- carry by holding the base and arm (microscopes are top heavy)
- only use lens tissue and cleaner
- Dont let the cord drop to the floor
Additional - reset scanning objective in place (5x), lower stage, wrap cord
Name the different types of microscopes and their uses?
-Compound microscope
most common
-Phase-contrast microscope
used for viewing unstained or transparent specimens
-Fluorescent microscope
Used for viewing specimens stained with a special dye
-Electron microscope
found in hospital, need special training
Name the 4 objective lenses, their power and colors?
- Scanning objective/5x/Red
2.Low power objective/10x/Yellow
3.High power objective/40x/Blue
4.Oil immersion objective/100x/White
Parts and Functions of the microscope
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what is the function of the arm?
Supports microscope, hold when carrying
What is the function of the ‘base’?
sits on table, support when carrying
what is the fuction of the ‘stage’?
surface that hold slides and specimen with slide clip
what is the function of the ‘upper mechanical stage knob?
moves the slide forward and backward
what is the function of the ‘lower mechanical stage knob’?
moves slide left and right
what is the function of the ‘coarse adjustment knob’?
moves stage up and down in large increments, used for general focusing.
what is the function of the ‘fine adjustment knob’?
moves stage up and down in small increments, used for sharp/detailed focusing
what is the function of the ‘condenser’?
concentrates light to the microscope slide
what is the function of the ‘Iris Diaphragm lever’?
increase and decrease light to the specimen
what is the function of the ‘lamp’?
light source
what is the function of the “on and off switch”?
turns lamp on and off
what is the function of the ‘brightness control knob’?
increase and decrease light from the lamp
what is the function of the ‘Revolving Nose Piece’?
support objective lenses, allow changing of lenses
what are the objective lenses?
4 lenses, used to magnify objects
1.what is the function of the ‘Eyepiece’ (ocular)?
2.what is the power of the ocular lens?
1.contains the ocular lens
(closes to the eye-one eyepiece may have a pointer)
2.has a power of 10x - shows the item 10 times bigger
what are 3 rules to follow when using the microscope?
- never use the immersion objective without immersion oil
- always begin focusing with the scanning objetive and stage all the way down
3.never adjust the coarse adjustment knob while using low or higher objective lens
Microscope Basics - FACTS
the image is turned upside down and reversed due to the objective lens, a mirror and the ocular lens.
MICROSCOPE TERMINOLOGY
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What is “Total Magnification”?
and how does it works?
the power of the objective lens multiplied by the power of the ocular lens
Total Mag = Ocular power X Objective power
Eg: Using high power: 10 X 40 = 400x
(10 ocular lens ‘multiplied by’ 40 high power lens = 400 times total magification)
what is ‘field of vision’?
Amount of specimen and surrounding area that can be seen.
(it changes with each objective)
TRUE OR FALSE?
1.The field of vision DECREASES with inreasing magnification?
2. Amount of details INCREASES with increasing magnification?
1.TRUE
2. TRUE
what is ‘Parfocal lenses’?
Allow objective lenses to stay in focus
NOTE - if switched from scanning-to-low power-to-high power the object stays in focus
5x»10x»40x (fine adjustment should only be needed)
TRUE OR FALSE?
The coarse adjustment knob is not needed when using objectives greater than the scanning objective
TRUE
whis is “working distance’?
distance between the stage/specimen and the objective lens
what is ‘Depth of view’?
ability to distinguish closer and deeper structures
what is a ‘Binicular’?
instrument that allows the use of both eyes
STEPS IN FOCUSING USING THE SCANNING OBJECTIVE
- stage should be all the way down
- scanning objetive should be in place
- Place the slide on stage
- Center and adjust light
- Raise stage all the way up
- Focus downward using the coarse adjustment knob
- Center and adjust light
- Fine focus using the fine adjustent knob
- center and adjust light (if necessary)
STEPS TO REMOVE SLIDE AND FINISH
- Rotate scanning objective in place
- Lower stage using coarse adjustment knob
- Remove slide
- Turn off lamp
- Unplug cord and wrap around the microscope
- Put back in place on shelve 3x3x3x4
