LAB 1 EXAM (1-4) Flashcards
When looking at the slides under the microscope, they are
inverted and reversed (inversion)
total magnification is
ocular lens (10) * objective lens (10,40)
locate the nucleus of your cheek cell
dark blue dot in the middle
what are the differences between animal and plant cell?
Animal cell is an irregular circular shape and has no cell wall while a plant cell is rectangular shaped and has a cell wall.
which objective should always be in place both when beginning to use the microscope, and when putting it away?
the 4x scanning power
which objective is in focus at the greatest and safest distance from the slide
10x low power
A total magnification of 100 X requires the use of the 10 X ocular lens with which objective?
10*10=100 so 10X low power
if the letter E is moved to the right, in what direction does it appear to move in the field of view?
left
Microscope is called compound when it has more than one set of what
More than one set of lenses
what part of the microscope regulates the amount of light?
the diaphragm, illumination, brightness adjustment knob
what word is used to indicate that if the object is in focus at low power it will also be in focus with high power?
Parfocal
describe the differences between a compound light microscope, and a dissecting microscope? in what situations would you use a stereoscopic microscope?
a dissecting microscope has two objective lenses for each magnification rather than one. it is mostly used for dissection of specimens.
what happens in the stage of prophase?
The nuclear membrane disappears as spindles appear. chromosomes in shape of “u” appear.
what happens in the stage of metaphase?
The chromosomes are more visible, and they line up at the equator.
what happens at the stage of anaphase?
The chromatids divide and move towards opposite poles so each chromatid consists of one DNA molecule.
what happens at the stage of telophase?
The chromosomes are now near the opposite poles. Animal cells form a cleavage furrow since it doesn’t have a cell wall. Plant cells form a cell plate because it has a cell wall.
what is the genetic significance of mitosis?
It helps with the growth and repair of different organisms.
duration of mitotic stage
(number of cells in a stage/total number of cells)24 hrs 60min/hr
describe what happens during interphase
The DNA of the cell is being replicated
how is mitosis different in plants and animals?
In telophase, cytokinesis in animal cells begin with a cleavage furrow, dividing the cell into two. cytokinesis in plant cells, form a cell plate because it has a cell wall.
what is the definition of phenotype?
Traits that you have
what is the definition of genotype?
Combination of two alleles to give you a specific trait
if you have a dominant phenotype for any of the above traits, how could you determine your genotype?
Based on both of your parents genotype, you are able to determine your genotype. So if your parents was Rr and Rr, then you’d know your genotype has to either be Rr or RR. Since your phenotype is dominant, you genotype can’t be rr.
B- blood type can receive from?
O- and B-
why is it necessary to match the donor’s and recipient’s blood before a transfusion?
because if the blood types react, then there could be blood clots, strokes, and other complications
what happens to red blood cells that are agglutinated?
They clot up and become cloudy.
what is the difference between agglutinogens and agglutinins?
Agglutinogens are antigens on RBCs and agglutinins are antibodies in the plasma.
How are ABO blood types determined?
If a persons blood agglutinates with anti A serum, anti B serum, and anti-Rh serum.
could a man with an AB blood type be the father of a child with type O blood?
No because a child with type O blood needs ii genotype
could a man with an O blood type be the father of a child with type A.B. blood?
No because O blood type has the genotype ii and blood type AB is I^A I^B so it’s not possible.
could a type B child with a type a mother have a type a father?
no because she needs at least one I I^B allele
