FINAL EXAM CHAP 14

Question 1

What is biotechnology?

Answer 1

the use of recombinant DNA molecular biology to produce services

Question 2

How does biotechnology affect our daily lives?

Answer 2

Protect endangered species, treat disease with stem cells, produce new varieties of plants, make pharmaceutical products

Question 3

How does biotechnology affect human proteins?

Answer 3

treating diseases; new treatments for diseases

Question 4

what were the sources of therapeutic proteins before biotechnology?

Answer 4

slaughterhouses, donated human blood, and human cadavers

Question 5

What is recombinant DNA technology?

Answer 5

Introducing human genes into other cells

Question 6

T or F: Human proteins are grown in bacteria to reduce the risk of blood clotting

Answer 6

True

Question 7

T or F: Insulin is made by recombinant DNA technology

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What are stem cells?

Answer 8

Unspecialized cells, renew by cell division, and can turn into other cells

Question 9

what are embryonic stem cells?

Answer 9

form during the blastocyst stage and comprise the inner cell mass of an embryo

Question 10

Pluripotent cells vs multipotent cells

Answer 10

Pluripotent can differentiate into all cell types and multipotent can differentiate into only some cell types

Question 11

T or F: Somatic cells being reprogrammed to become a stem cell is a iPS cell

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the best cell for stem cell-based therapies?

Answer 12

Embryonic stem cells make the best candidates for therapy because of pluripotency

Question 13

What are adult stem cells used for?

Answer 13

Bone marrow transplants, infusion of differentiated heart cells, burn treatment

Question 14

What is GM plants?

Answer 14

Genes transferred into crop plants using biotechnology to create a specific trait

Question 15

What are benefits of GMOs?

Answer 15

Enhance the nutritional value of the food, resistant to pests, tolerant of herbicides

Question 16

HD in transgenic mouse models

Answer 16

micro injection of mutant human HD allele onto fertilized mouse eggs

Question 17

What are short tandem repeats?

Answer 17

short, repeated sequences, 2 to 9 base pairs in length

Question 18

What do DNA profiles/DNA fingerprinting reveal?

Answer 18

Variations in the DNA sequences between different individuals

Question 19

What is the CODIS panel used for?

Answer 19

Used by law enforcement and government agencies in preparing DNA profiles

Question 20

What is a positive match between DNA profiles and suspects determined by?

Answer 20

Population gray by of the STR alleles present and the probability that two unrelated individuals would have the same DNA profile at the STR loci

Question 21

stem cells that are able to differentiate into any type of cell are called

Answer 21

pluripotent

Question 22

what are induced pluripotent stem cells created from?

Answer 22

somatic cell (usually skin)

Question 23

T/F: genes from a foreign species can be transferred into a plant through artificial selection

Answer 23

false

Question 24

T/F: crop plants can be engineered to express BT toxin, which makes them resistance a pest like insects

Answer 24

True

Question 25

which type of cell is able to turn into any cell type?

Answer 25

embryonic stem cells

Question 26

transgenic mouse models:

Answer 26

are commonly used as models for human diseases

Question 27

The CODIS panel is made up of how many STR‘s?

Answer 27

13

Question 28

Which of the following is not an ability of some genetically modified plants?

Answer 28

acting as a model for human diseases