LA Types and Dosage

Question 1

Type 1 anaesthetic

Answer 1

• lidocaine/lignocaine
• lignocaine HCl 2%
• max mg/kg = 5, 44mg per cartridge
• avg 70kg adult = 7 cartridges
• adrenaline 1:80,000 or plain

contraindications

 - heart block without pacemaker
 - liver problems 
 - corn/anaesthetic allergy
 - hypotension

Question 2

type 2 anaesthetic

Answer 2

• prilocaine/citanest
• prilocaine HCl 3%
• plain or vasoconstrictor (felypressin/octapressin)
• contraindications = labour inducing octapressin
• max 8mg/kg, 3% so 66mg per cartridge
• 70kg adult = 8 max cartridges

Question 3

type 3 anaesthetic

Answer 3

• articaine
• articaine HCl 4%
• vasoconstrictor (1:100k, 1:200k, 1:400k)
• max 7mg/kg, 4% so 88mg/capsule
• avg 70kg adult = 5 max cartridges

contraindications

 - blocks as too strong
 - haemoglobinopathies (i.e. sickle cell)

Question 4

type 4 anaesthetic

Answer 4

• mepivicaine 3% PLAIN (also no HCl)
• NO vasoconstrictor
• used in cardiac disease patients
• max 3mg/kg, 3% so 66mg/cartridge
• avg 70kg adult = max 3 cartridges

Question 5

contraindications to using anaesthetic with adrenaline

Answer 5

• people on diuretics, to protect their potassium levels from dropping too low