L9: PERSONALITY Flashcards
What does “persona” translate to
-mask
- its latin
What does the personality triad consists of?
-feelings
-behaviour
- thoughts
- 3 things that make up your personality
Is personality dynamic?
Yes
Who’s theory is the psychoanalytic perspective?
Freud’s
What is Freud’s Psychoanalytic Perspective on personality?
- that our personality is largely unconscious, its hidden and unknown to us
Who pushed for humane therapy?
Freud
What does the Topographic Model of the mind show?
the levels of consciousness
What are the levels of consciousness?
- conscious mind
- pre conscious - outside awareness still accessible
- un conscious mind
What 3 things moderate our personality?
- ID
- EGO
- SUPEREGO
What is the ID? (principle?)
- follows the pleasure principle
- strives to satisfy basic sexual, aggressive and survival drives
- demands immediate gratification
What is the EGO? (principle?)
-follows the reality principle
-functions as the executive and mediates the demands of the ID and the Superego
Categorize ID, EGO and SUPER EGO : into biological, social and psychological
ID- Biological
EGO- Psychological
SUPEREGO- Social
What is the SUPEREGO? (principle?)
- guided by the morality principle
- provided standards for judgement
- drives feeling good or bad or guilty
How can you remember ID, SUPEREGO, EGO?
angle devil and the mediator
or
SUPEREGO ID AND THE EGO
According to freud when does our personality form? and how did he divide them?
within the first few years of life
he divided them into psychosexual stages
What did Freud believe happened to your ID in the psychosexual stages?
that your ID would focus on erogenous zones
What are the 5 Psychosexual phases?
- oral
- anal
- phallic
- latency
- genital
What is the Oedipus Complex?
a boy’s sexual desire for his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father
What is the Electra Complex?
A girl’s desire for her father and rivalry with her mother
How do children get over Electra and Oedipus complex?
through identification
What psychosexual stage does the Electra and Oedipus complex occur?
phallic stage
How do we go about coping with ego anxiety?
Defence Mechanisms
Example of Repression
-Forgetting the details of your parent’s painful death
- sexual assault survivors
Example of Sublimation
- rechanneling your sexual desires into school work or hobbies something that is more reconstructive
Examples of Denial
- someone that smokes claims its not unhealthy, media just wants you to think that
Example of Rationalization
- justifying cheating on your exam cause everyone does it
Example of Intellectualization
- eliminate emotional aspects and just look at the facts
- example: someone with a life-threatening disease, doesn’t think about how they could die but rather does crazy research on there condition
Example of Projection
A person who is stealing objects from the supermarket fears that their wallet is going to be stolen.
Example of Reaction Formation
- a politician that gives an anti-gay speech that turns out to be gay themselves
Example of Regression
- an adult throwing a temper tantrum when they don’t get what they want
Example of Displacement
yelling at your co-workers right after your boss yelled at you
What is the difference between Freud’s and Adler’s beliefs?
Freuds rooted in sexual tensions cAlders rooted in social tensions
Whats Adlers theory on personality?
a child struggles with an inferiority complex during growth and strives for superiority and power
your born with flaws and have to work to overcome them
What disease did Alder have as a kid?
rickets
What did Karen Horney argue about children?
-that they were born with basic anxiety that they could not care for themselves and needed others’
What did Jung believe in?
- the collective unconscious
- which contained a common reservoir of archetypes derived from our past
- example: old man being wise
What is the humanistic perspective regarding personality ?
they discuss healthy people rather than focusing on people with mental health problems
Who preaches the humanistic perspective?
Maslow and rogers
What did Maslow claim individuals are motivated by?
-the hierarchy of needs
- pyramid
What 3 things did rogers believe we needed in order to “grow “ as individuals?
- Genuineness
- Acceptance
- Empathy
Rogers has a ________ centered perspective.
Person
What is the trait perspective?
is based on the assumption that the best way to test the accuracy of physiological behaviour is to try and predict behaviour
What are the 3 functions of traits?
- summarize - how people differ from one another
- predict - their future behaviour
- explain
What does the lexical hypothesis?
states that essentially if something is important in language there will be multiple terms to describe it
What does the PEN model stand for?
Psychoticism
Extraversion
Neuroticism
What is Extraversion linked to? BIO
reticular formation
What is neuroticism linked to? BIO
limbic system
What is Psychoticism linked to?
endocrine system, more specifically testostorone
What theory did Costa and McCrae come up with?
THE BIG FIVE
Whats the Big Fives OCEAN acronym stand for?
Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Extroversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticisim
What does the big five mean in regard to personality?
The Big Five personality traits that determine whether or not you have a personality disorder
How stable are the traits in the big 5?
quite stable in adulthood
change over time
How heritable are the big 5 traits?
40% for each trait
Do these traits predict other behavioural attributes- Big 5?
yes
What does the ABC model say about behaviour?
a= antecedents - sitmuli
b= behaviour
c= consequences
What perspective did Bandura talk about?
Social cognative perspective
What did bandura believe about personality?
He believes that personality is a result of an interaction that takes place between a person and there social context
3 beliefs of Bandura of individuals and there environment:
- different people chose different environments
- our personalities shape how we react to events
- our personalities shape situations
What did Julian Rotter introduce?
the idea of personal control
difference between external and internal locus of control
Internal: refers to the perception that we can control our own fate
External: refers to the perception that chance or outside forced beyond our personal control determine our fate
TOO much external locus could lead to…
lack of motivation
lol me with criminology
