L10: PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS AND TREATMENTS Flashcards
What is a psychological disorder?
A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion, regulation or behaviour
What 3 criteria need to be put in place for behaviour to be considered psychopathologic?
- Deviance - acting outside your culture
- Maladaptive behaviour - does it impair their ability to live daily?
- Personal Distress
How many of the three criteria need to be met in order to be deemed at risk of a mental disorder?
just one needs to be met
few sometimes
depends on the disorder
Common myths associated with psychological disorders:
- disorder must always be inherited
- always dangerous
- incurable
- never contribute to society
- weak willed
What does the Biopsychosocial Approach say?
mental disorders can arise in the interaction between nature and nurture
cause by biology, thoughts and the environment you grow up in
What would a clinician use to diagnose an exact Psychological Disorder?
DSM
What does the DSM stand for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
What are anxiety disorder?
characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or dysfunctional anxiety reducing behaviours
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- chronic high-level anxiety that is not tied to a specific threat
- difficulties controlling worries
What are the 3 types of Anxiety Disorders?
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Panic Disorder
- Phobias
Panic Disorder
- recurrent attacks of overwhelming anxiety
- usually occur suddenly and un expected
Phobias
- fear of a specific object or situation
- aware there being ridiculous but unable to control the fear
Types of Phobias:
- animal
- natural environment
- blood, injection, injury
- situational
Phobia of Sharks is known as
galeophobia
Are fears or phobias more common?
Fears
What is Agoraphobia?
-intense fear or avoidance of embarrassment or inescapable situations
- especially in large, open, public places
- where they would be unable to receive help in an emergency
What is systematic Desensitization?
- A type of exposure therapy
- commonly used to treat phobias
-associated a pleasant relaxed state gradually increasing an anxiety triggering stimuli
What is OCD?
- intrusive repetitive fearful thoughts (obsessions)
- persistent urges to perform repetitive behaviours to control those obsessions (compulsions)
In OCD the repulsions have to be _____
repetitive
Common OCD genres
- hoarding behaviour
- obsessions with cleanliness
What do some therapies do to some OCD patients with really efficient compulsions ?
they try to get individuals to live through their obsessions without performing their compulsions to relieve there discomfort
When people with OCD have obsessions the compulsions become like ….
- superstitions
- negative reinforcers