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NER neuro > L9- anxiety and depression > Flashcards

L9- anxiety and depression Flashcards

1
Q

disorder related to limbic system

A

anxiety, depression and bipolar

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2
Q

what is anxiety

A

excessive worry and fear repsonse to stressor

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3
Q

what is secreted in response to anxiety

A

corticosteriods- cortisol

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4
Q

types of anxiety dirsorders

A

general
phobic
panic

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5
Q

features of general anxiety disorder

A

SNS and ANS effects

restlessness, tachycardia, sweating

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6
Q

components of the brain and other body parts involved in generatign normal anxiety

A

cortex> amygdala and hippocamus> HPA axis releasing cortisol

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7
Q

what is suggested about the brain and HPA causing excessive anxiety

A

overactivity of HPA

changes in synaspes and connectivity

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8
Q

treatment for anxiety

A

Benzidiazepines (benzo)
-5-HT partial agonists
B adrencoreceptor antagonists
-anti depressants like SSRIs

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9
Q

mechanism of benzo

A

bind to allosteric sites on GABA receptor

-increase GABA affinity and Cl entry for inhibition and hyperrepolarisation

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10
Q

eg of benzo

A

diazepam

nitrazepam

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11
Q

kinds of benzo

A

anxiolytic

hypnotic

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12
Q

problems with benzo

A

sedation, acute overdose, built up tolernace, dependance - wthdrawal issues

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13
Q

pros of using 5-HT partial agonists

A

no sedation
non addicitve
no withdrawal effects

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14
Q

symtpoms of depression

A

misery, despair, losso of motivation, suidicial thoughts

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15
Q

what is monoamine (MA) theory of depression and evidence for it

A
  • due to hypoactivity of MA synsapes in the brain

- antidepressants (ADD) increase MA activity in the brain

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16
Q

evidence against MA theory

A

Antidepressants takes weeks to work

-Amphetamine and cocain work even thought they arent antidepressants

17
Q

treatment for depression

A

psychotherapy
ECT
antidepressant drugs

18
Q

classes of ADD

A

MA oxidase inhibtiors
tricyclic ADsants
SSRI- selective re uptake inhibtors

19
Q

what is MA oxidase (MAO)

A

enzyme in mitochondria that breaks down MAs

20
Q

mechanism of MAO inhibitors

A

prevents MA from being broken down so more stimukation of MA neurons

21
Q

mechanism of SSRI

A

prevents recycling of NTs so more in the synapse celft

22
Q

effects of MAOI and negative effects

A
  • immediate effect of euphoria
  • AD action

negative
-antimuscarnic affects
alpha 1 receptor antgaonism

23
Q

negaitve effects of TCAs

A

slow-
anti muscarinic
sedative
overdose

24
Q

network theory of depression

A

increase of CRF (cortisol releasinf factor) and cortisol in CSF
- hyperactivity og neuroendocrine stress response > depression

25
Q

mechanisn of chronic stress on the body and brain

A

decrease in glucort Rs and neurotrophic factors inhipoocamus
-decrease in neurogenesis and plasticity

NER neuro (9 decks)

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