L3 - memory and learning Flashcards
what is learning
gaining new info
what is memory
retention of learned info
types of memory
declarative - facts and events
non declarative - procedural, skeletal, emotional
features of declarative memory
easy to learn, easy to froget
features of non declarative
not available for recollection
- needs repeititon
- less likely to be forgoteen
types of memory in decl memory
LTM and STM
what is STM vulnerable to
disturption etc by someone else, trauma, ECT(Electroconvulsive therapy)
pathways of memory consolidation
sensory info>STM>consolidation into LTM
sensory > STM
also > consildolation to LTM as the same time
what is amnesia
loss of memory and learning ability
causes of amensia
concussion, tumour, stroke, alcholism
types of amnesia
- anterograde amnesia (inability to form new memories) - retrograde amnesia (old memories are lost).
- Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a sudden, temporary interruption of short-term memory
what can be physical representation of memory
engram or memory trace
where is declarative memory stored in the brain
medial temporal lobe, cortex
where is visual memory stored in
extrastriatal cortex
where are complex memories stored in
temporal lobes
what lobe does the memory processing take place
medial temporal lobe
types of memory in the hippocamus and its function
spatial - places
working - related to onoging behaviour
relational - linking things together
conseq of temporal loboectomy
loss of STM - declarative
-loss of anterograde and reterograde
whats the Hebbs theory
strength and effectiveness of synapes between memory connections can be altered by experience
- when one axon is near another axon, growth process takes place so the axons effieciency is increased
how are the cell or synapses assembled during STM
reciprocally interconnected
how are the cells or synpases connect during LTM
fire and wire together for consolidation
how does the snaptic connections get stronger
strong activation of synpases leads to firing of post synpatic neuron
- leads to LT-potentiation (multiple stimuli and signals- strengthens the connection between neurones)
what is required for LTP
Glu released > go through AMPA receptor > removes Mg ion on NMDA receptor> more Glu moves into post synpatic neurone> Ca influx > depol> AP
insertion of AMPARs can happen into the membrane from the cytoplasm
what is LT-depression
phase when there is occasional conciding firing
- low stimulation of the NMDA Rs
