L8_ The shoulder and proximal upper extremity Flashcards
Anterior muscles of the shoulder
- pectoralis major
- pectoralis minor
- subclavius
- subscapularis
- deltoid
pectoralis major (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: medial clavicle, sternum to 7th costal carillage
Insertion: lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Functions:
- glenohumeral flexion
- medial (internal) rotation of the glenuhumeral joint
- adduction of the arm
Innervation: medial (C8- T1) and lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerves
Deltoid (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Funtions:
- anterior fibers: flexion and medial rotation of the glenohumeral joint
- middle fibers: arm abduction
- posterior fibers: extension and lateral rotation of the glenohumeral joint
Innervation: axillary nerve (C5-C6)
Subclavius (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: first rib (costal cartillage)
Insertion: inferior surface of clavicle
Functions: depression of the clavicle
innervation: nerve to subclavius (C5-C6)
pectoralis minor (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: ribs III to V
Insertion: Coracoid process of the scapula
functions: depression and protraction of the scapula
innervation: medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)
Lateral muscles of the shoulder
- serratus anterior
- deltoid
serratus anterior (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: Ribs I to VIII
Insertion: anteromedial border of the scapula
functions: depression, protraction of the scapula
innervation: Long Thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
Muscles of the Rotator cuff
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
Subscapularis (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercule of the humerus
functions: medial (internal) rotation of the glenohumeral joint
innervation: upper (C5-C6) and lower (C5-C6) subscapular nerves
Supraspinatus (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercler of the humerus (superior facet)
Functions: initiation of arm abduction and lateral (external) rotation of the glenohumeral joint
innervation: suprascapular nerves (C4-C6)
Infraspinatus (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet)
functions: lateral (external) rotation of the arm
innervation: suprascapular nerve (C4-C6)
Teres Minor (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: lateral (superior) border of the scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet)
Functions: lateral (external) rotation of the arm
innervation: axillary nerve (C5-C6)
Name the Bursae of the shoulder and their location
Subacromial bursa (under the acromion)
Subcoracoid bursa (under the coracoid process)
Subtendinous bursa of subscapularis (under subscapularis)
Posterior muscles of the shoulder
- Teres major
- deltoid
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- Teres minor
Teres Major (origin, insertion, functions, innervation)
Origin: lateral (inferior) border of the scapula
Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular (bicipital groove)
Functions: extension, adduction and medial (internal) rotation of the glenohumeral joint
innervation: lower subscapular nerve (C5-C6)
