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Anatomy Exam 2 > L8: Shoulder Complex > Flashcards

L8: Shoulder Complex Flashcards

1
Q

trapezius innervation and blood supply

A

CN XI
ventral rami of 3rd and 4th CNs

dorsal scapular artery

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2
Q

trapezius has ____ heads.

A

3 heads

upper, middle, lower

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3
Q

trapezius upper head proximal attachment

A

external occipital protuberance
superior nuchal line
ligamentum nuchae
spinous process CV7

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4
Q

trapezius middle and lower proximal attachment

A

spinous process TV 1-6

spinous process TV 7-12

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5
Q

trapezius distal attachment - upper

A

lateral third of clavicle

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6
Q

trapezius distal attachment - middle and lower

A

acromion process and crest of scapular spine

tubercle of scapular spine

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7
Q

trapezius actions

A

upper - elevate scapula

middle - adduct = retraction

lower - depress

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8
Q

trapezius force couple

A

upper and lower force couple for upward rotation of scapula

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9
Q

lats innervation and blood supply

A

thoracodorsal C6-8

thoracodorsal artery
branch of subscapular artery

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10
Q

lats proximal attachment

A

spines of TV 7-12
lumbar and sacral vertebrae via thoracolumbar fascia

posterior iliac crest
ribs 9-12

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11
Q

lats distal attachment

A

floor of bicipital groove

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12
Q

another name for bicipital groove

A

intertubercular groove

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13
Q

lats - action

A

extend, adduct, internal rotation of humerus

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14
Q

levator scapulae innervation and blood supply

A

C3-C5
dorsal scapular nerve C5

dorsal scapular artery

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15
Q

levator scapulae is the ________ of the ______ muscle.

A

the detached superior edge of the serratus anterior

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16
Q

levator scapulae proximal and distal attachments

A

transverse processes of CV 1-4

medial border of scapula - superior to spine

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17
Q

levator scapulae - actions

A

elevates scapula

assist in downward rotation

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18
Q

rhomboid innervation and blood supply

A

dorsal scapular nerve

dorsal scapular artery

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19
Q

rhomboid major and minor proximal attachment

A

spines of TV 2-4

spines of CV7 TV1
lower end of ligamentum nuchae

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20
Q

rhomboid distal attachment

A

medial border of scapula

inferior to spine

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21
Q

rhomboid - actions

A

adduct scapula
rotate glenoid fossa downward
fix scapula to thoracic wall

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22
Q

subclavius innervation

A

subclavius nerve C5-6

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23
Q

subclavius proximal and distal attachments

A

junction of 1st rib costal cartilage

inferior surface of mid clavicle

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24
Q

subclavius - actions

A

anchors and depress clavicle

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25
Q

pectoralis major and minor innervation

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves
clavicular head C5-6
sternal head C7-T1

medial pectoral nerve C8-T1

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26
Q

pec major proximal attachment divisions

A

clavicular head

sternal head

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27
Q

pec major proximal attachment superior

A

clavicular head

anterior surface of medial clavicle

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28
Q

pec major proximal attachment inferior

A

sternal head

anterior surface of manubrium-sternal body
costal cartilage 2-6
aponeurosis of external oblique

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29
Q

pec major insertion

A

lateral lip of bicipital groove
or
crest of greater tubercle

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30
Q

pec major actions

A

adducts, medial rotation of humerus
draw scapula ant. inferiorly (closer to rib cage)

clav - flexion of h
stern - extension of h

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31
Q

pec minor origin/insertion

A

ribs 3-5

coracoid process

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32
Q

pec minor - actions

A

draw scapula down and anteriorly or into posterior thoracic wall

=stabilize scapula

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33
Q

serratus anterior innervation and blood supply

A

long thoracic nerve C5-7

lateral thoracic artery

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34
Q

serratus anterior proximal/distal attachments

A

external surface of lateral parts of ribs 1-8

anterior surface of medial border

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35
Q

serratus anterior - actions

A

protract, rotate, fix scapula to thoracic wall

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36
Q

deltoid innervation and blood supply

A

axillary nerve C5-6

deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery

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37
Q

deltoid proximal attachment

A

lateral 1/3 clavicle

acromion process

scapular spine

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38
Q

deltoid distal attachment

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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39
Q

deltoid - actions

A

flex/extend/abduct/med./lat. rotation

of humerus

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40
Q

teres major innervation and blood supply

A

lower subscapular C5-6

circumflex scapular artery

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41
Q

what does it mean for an artery to be circumflex?

A

it bends around a structure

42
Q

teres major proximal/distal attachment

A

posterior surface of inferior angle

medial lip of bicipital groove

43
Q

teres major actions

A

adducts and medial rotation of humerus

44
Q

what do the superficial muscles of the upper extremity connect?

A

connect limb to axial skeleton

innervated by ventral rami or CN XI

45
Q

superficial muscles

A

trap
lats
levator
rhomboids

46
Q

scapulohumeral musculature characteristics

A

connect scapula to humerus
move humerus at shldr joint
stabilize the joint

all innervated by brachial plexus

47
Q

scapulohumeral muscles

A

deltoid
teres major
serratus
SITS

48
Q

quadrilateral space boundaries

A

inferior glenohumeral capsule
teres major
triceps
surgical neck

49
Q

quadrilateral space contents

A

axillary nerve

post. circumflex humeral art.

50
Q

elevation of scapula

A

levator

rhomboids

51
Q

depression of scapula

A

lats

52
Q

abduction of scapula

A

serratus

53
Q

what does upward/downward rotation of the scapula refer to?

A

mvt of the inferior angle

54
Q

upward rotation of scapula

A

serratus

upper/lower trap

55
Q

downward rotation of scapula

A

rhomboids

levator

56
Q

abduction of shoulder

A

mid deltoid

biceps assists

57
Q

what represents the scapulothoracic joint?

A

by sliding of scapula on thoracic cage

58
Q

contents of coracoacromial arch

A

acromion process
coracoid process
coracoacromial lig.

59
Q

what does the coracoacromial arch do?

A

prevent superior dislocation of humerus

protects humerus from downward blows

60
Q

two bursae of shldr joint

A

Subacromial

subdeltoid

61
Q

rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

62
Q

tendons of these muscles form protection about the humeral head

A

rotator cuff

63
Q

supraspinatus innervation and blood supply

A

suprascapular C4-6

suprascapular artery

64
Q

supraspinatus proximal/distal attachment

A

supraspinatus fossa

superior facet of greater tubercle

65
Q

supraspinatus actions

A

stabilize shldr jt

assist delt. in abduction of H

66
Q

infraspinatus innervation and blood supply

A

suprascapular C5-6

suprascapular artery

67
Q

infraspinatus proximal/distal attachment

A

infraspinatus fossa

middle fact of greater tubercle

68
Q

teres minor is a inferior branch of ____?

A

the deltoid posterior head

69
Q

teres minor innervation and blood supply

A

axillary nerve C5-6

circumflex scapular artery

70
Q

teres minor proximal/distal attachment

A

mid lateral scapular border

inferior facet of greater tubercle

71
Q

teres minor - action

A

helps hold humeral head in place

72
Q

subscapularis is the _____ of SITS.

A

widest of the rotator cuff muscles

73
Q

subscapularis innervation and blood supply

A

upper and lower subscapular C5-7

suprascapular artery

74
Q

subscapularis proximal/distal attachments

A

subscapular fossa

lesser tubercle

75
Q

subscapularis - actions

A

helps hold humeral head in place

medial rotation, adduction of humerus

76
Q

define force couple

A

2 parallel forces, equal in magnitude but opposite in direction acting on different points in the body, but together accomplish one goal

ex. upper and lower trap

77
Q

explain the force couple example in this lecture

A

upper trap - pulls lateral scapular spine up

lower trap - pulls medial spine downward

result = upward rotation of inferior angle

78
Q

glenoid labrum

A

a fibrocartilage meniscus

functions to deepen the articulating surface for the humeral head to secure it in it’s socket

79
Q

glenohumeral ligament

A

has a superior, middle, inferior segments

holds humeral head in place

80
Q

Coracohumeral ligament

A

connects coracoid process of scapula to humeral head

helping to secure the humeral head

81
Q

coracoacromial ligament

A

connect coracoid and acromion processes of the scapula
main check for upward dislocation of humerus
protects humerus from downward blows

82
Q

coracoclavicular ligament

A

medial — conoid
lateral — trapezoid
provides joint stability
stronger than the clavicle itself

83
Q

ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint

A

sternoclavicular

costoclavicular

84
Q

sternoclavicular ligament

A

anterior/posterior segments

check ant/post mvt of clavicular head

85
Q

costoclavicular ligament

A

serves as axis for elevation/depression and protraction/retraction of clavicle

main check for elevation

86
Q

acromioclavicular ligament

A

superior and inferior segments

very weak

reinforces joint capsule

87
Q

define scapulohumeral rhythm

A

the uninterrupted mvt of upper extremity when going from lax to full abduction even tho it requires the simultaneous coordination across all upper joints

88
Q

contributions to scapulohumeral abduction of 180 degrees

A

120 —- glenohumeral jt

60 —- scapulothoracic mvt

89
Q

breakdown of scapulothoracic mvt contribution to the scapulohumeral abduction

A

40 —- sternoclavicular jt

20 —– acromioclavicular jt

90
Q

list the steps in abduction of arm and the muscles involved

A
  1. searching of scapula - serratus
  2. snubbing of humeral head - SITS
  3. first degrees of abduction - supraspinatus
  4. external rotation of humerus - infraspinatus
91
Q

scapula elevation muscles

A

levator scapula and rhomboids

92
Q

scapula depression muscles

A

lats

93
Q

arm extension

A

primary - post. delt and lats

assist - teres M/m, infraspinatus, sternal head pec M, triceps

94
Q

arm flexion

A

primary - ant delt

assist - clav head pec M, coracobrachialis, biceps

95
Q

arm abduction

A

scapula – serratus anterior

shldr — mid delt, assist biceps

96
Q

arm adduction

A

scapula – mid trap
shldr – primary - clav head, lats
assist - teres M, ant delt, coracobrac, long triceps

97
Q

downward scapula rotation

A

rhomboids

levator scapulae

98
Q

upward scapula rotation

A

serratus anterior

trap force couple

99
Q

deltoid paralysis

A

axillary nerve

100
Q

serratus anterior paralysis

A

long thoracic

winging of scapula

101
Q

rotator cuff tearing

A

most common muscle torn = supraspinatus

102
Q

results of supraspinatus tear?

A

cannot initiate abduction

must lean over to give the deltoid a better lever arm so it can initiate abduction

Anatomy Exam 2 (9 decks)

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