L8: Nerves & Tissues

Question 1

Name 2 anatomically distinct systems

Answer 1

1) Pulmonary
2) Systemic

Question 2

Function of arteries

Answer 2

Tubes that carry blood away from the heart toward tissues

Question 3

3 types of arteries

Answer 3

1) Large elastic conducting arteries
2) Medium muscular distributing arteries
3) Small arteries

Question 4

Function of arteriovenous anastomosis

Answer 4

2 tubes that come together to give an alternative way for blood to flow

Question 5

Define anastomoses

Answer 5

Link tubular structures to provide an alternative (collateral) route

Question 6

What does collateral route mean?

Answer 6

Alternative/backup blood vessels

Question 7

What are true anastamoses?

Answer 7

Between branches of muscular arteries

Question 8

2 examples of true anastamoses

Answer 8

1) Around joints- artery kinked by joint flexion
2) Arterioventricular anastamoses- small arteries & veins

Question 9

An example of potential/no anastamoses

Answer 9

Coronary artery- when blood vessels are damaged

Question 10

Define vasa vasorum

Answer 10

Blood supply to tunica media and tunia adventitia

Question 11

3 venous systems

Answer 11

1) Pulmonary venous system
2) Systemic venous system
3) Portal venous system

Question 12

3 types of anastamoses

Answer 12

1) Arterioarterial Anastomoses
2) Venovenous Anastomoses
3) Arteriovenous Anastomoses

Question 13

What does arteriovenous anastomoses connect?

Answer 13

Small arteries to veins

Question 14

What does venovenous anastomoses connect?

Answer 14

2 veins

Question 15

What does arterioarterial anastomoses connect?

Answer 15

2 arteries

Question 16

What is tunica adventitia?

Answer 16

Outer and thick layer of the blood vessel wall

Question 17

What is tunica media?

Answer 17

Middle layer of an artery/vein and has a thin connective layer

Question 18

3 venous systems

Answer 18

1) Pulmonary venous system
2) Systemic venous system
3) Portal venous system

Question 19

Function of veins

Answer 19

Carrys blood away from tissues into the heart

Question 20

Structure of veins

Answer 20

tubes with a central lumen, with tunica intima/media/adventitia

Question 21

Why are valves important?

Answer 21

Prevent backflow of blood

Question 22

3 Venous flow pumps

Answer 22

1) Vascular venous pump
2) Muscular venous pump
3) Thoracic venous pump

Question 23

What are vascular venous pumps?

Answer 23

Pair of veins either side of an artery

Question 24

What does lymphatic system consist of ?

Answer 24

Lymph vessels, lymph nodes, lymphoid tissues & organs

Question 25

Functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 25

• Immunological Defense
• Interstitial fluiud returns to the circulation via the thoracic duct & right lymphatic duct

Question 26

Define anterior rami

Answer 26

One of the branches of the spinal nerve

Question 27

How does anterior rami form plexuses?

Answer 27

They converge & intermingle

Question 28

Define plexuses

Answer 28

Bundle of intersecting nerves

Question 29

What happens to nerve fibres inside a plexus?

Answer 29

Nerve fibres from different spinal nerves are sorted & recombined

Question 30

Define dermastome

Answer 30

Areas of skin connected to a specific nerve root on the spine

Question 31

Define myotome

Answer 31

Group of muscles innervated by a single spinal nerve root