L8: incontinence and urinary renention Flashcards
2 functions of the urinary bladder
collection and low pressure storage of urine
expulsion of urine
3 histological layers of the bladder
outer adventitial connective tissue layer
middle smooth muscle coat (detrusor)
innermost transitional cell epithelial
parasympathetic nerve roots for micturition are at?
S2-S4
3 nerves to the bladder
pelvic
pudendal
hypogastric
which nerve to the bladder is parasympathetic
pelvic nerve
what does the pelvic nerve control
contractions of the bladder (M3 receptors)
which nerve to the bladder is sympathetic
hypogastric
what does the hypogastric nerve control
internal sphincter
what does the pudendal nerve control
external sphincter
what brain centre controls voiding
pontine micturition centre in the brain
what needs to be coordinated in voiding
detrusor contraction and urethral relaxation
is any residual urine in bladder
NO
in cytometry to measure bladder pressure where do the catheters need to go
one in bladder
one in rectum
cytometry equation to work out bladder pressure
bladder pressure - abdominal pressure
LUTS=
lower urinary tract symptoms
BPH=
benign prostatic hyperplasia
BPE=
benign prostatic enlargement
BOO=
bladder outflow obstruction
name 5 symptoms of voiding issues
weak or intermittent stream straining hesitancy terminal dribbling incomplete emptying
what did voiding issues used to be called
obstructive
what did storage issues used to be called
irritative
name 5 symptoms of storage issues
urgency
frequency
incontinence
nocturia
post micturition symptom=
terminal dribbling
3 causes of voiding difficulty
- increased outflow resistance
- detrusor muscle failure
- BPH
