L8: Emotion & Fear System Flashcards
What are the key differences between cognition and emotion?
Cognition: more digital, Emotion: more analog
Emotional states are intrinsically valenced unlike cog states
what are the 6 basic emotions?
Disgust, Sagness, Happiness, Fear, Anger, Suprise
What did Darwin say about expressions?
They evolve from behaviours that indicate what an animals are likely to do next
What do the sympathetic and parasympathetic branch do?
Sympathetic - prepares for stressful situation
Parasympathetic - “rest and digest”, homeostasis
How are the sequence events according to:
a) Folk Psychology
b) James Lange
c) Cannon-Bard
a) “common sense view”. 1-event perceived 2-experience emotion 3-physiological reactions
b) 1-event perceived 2-physiological reactions 3-emotion
c) Event perceived leads to both emotional and physiological reactions
What did Shacter and Singer do and which argument does it support?
Supports the James-Lange argument for sequence of events.
Injected pp’s with epinephrine. Those who were forewarned how body would react reported no emotional experience. Those who were not forewarned how body would react experienced feelings
What is the Papez circuit?
Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Anterior Thalamus and Cingulate Gyrus
What did Maclean add to the Papez circuit, renaming it the Limbic system?
Added the Amygdala, Orbitofrontal cortex, some portions of the Basal Ganglia
What was Morris et al’s study?
fMRI study, PP’s see series of faces (some had a systematic shift from happy to fearful)
The Regional Cerebral Blood Flow was altered according to expression, increased when shown fearful face
What are some facts about the Autonomic Nervous System?
Splits into the sympathetic and parasympathetic branch. It is part of the peripheral nervous system. Regulates involuntary physiological processes.
What are the 3 components of the General Adaptive System? (GAS)
Alarm reaction
Resistance
Exhaustion
What is Allostatic Load? What 4 components does it impact?
The wear and tear on the body from repeated chronic overactivity.
Impacts: Cardiovascular/metabolic functioning, brain functioning, society and immune system
How does the hypothalamus respond to stress?
When stress is triggered, it sends signals to pituitary gland and adrenal medulla. It releases cortisol and adrenaline for fight/flight response.
What are the 5 types of stress on immune functioning?
Distant stressors Acute time limited Brief naturalistic Stressful event sequences Chronic stress
DABSC
What are the differences between natural immunity and specific immunity?
Natural: Non-specific, fact-acting, associated with wound healing and fever
Specific: slower acting, adaptive response based on similar types of invader cells (like vaccines)
What has LeDoux’s lesioning study taught us?
Taught animals to be afraid of a sound by pairing one sound with a shock. After learning, the auditory cortex was lesioned and animal repsonds to both tones as though they predict shock- cannot discriminare.
What other areas did LeDoux lesion apart from the auditory cortex? What happened as a result?
Cortical lesioning- left fear conditioning unaffected
Thalamus lesioning- eliminated fear conditioning
Amygdala conditioning- eliminated fear conditioning
Hippocampus damage- elimate context conditioning, but leave fear conditioning intact
