L7: Sexuality Flashcards
What is the difference between an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?
Exocrine glands are duct-based
Endocrine glands are Ductless, they do straight to the circulatory system
Which area controls the anterioir and posterior pituitary function?
The Paraventricular nucleus
What hormones are released by a) Anterioir pituitary and b) Posterior pituitary?
Anterior - Prolactin and Gonadotropin
Posterior - Oxytocin and Vasspressin
What are the 2 zones in the Adrenal Gland and which hormones do they release?
1) Adrenal Medulla - releases epinephrine
2) Adrenal Cortex - releases cortisol and sex hormones
What is the diffference between Peptides&Amino-Acid Derivatives and Steroids?
Peptides & Amino-Acid Derivaties are water soluble.
Steroids are fat soluble
What ‘female’ hormones are released by the Anterior and Posterior Pituitary?
Anterior - LH and FSH
Posterior - Oxytocin
What are the Wolffian and Mullerian systems?
Wollfian - develops if there is testicular testosterone present
Mullerian - when theres an absence of testicular testosterone, the Mullerian system develops female reproductive ducts
What sex does the Ventromedial Nucleus and Medial Preoptic areas play roles in?
Ventromedial Nucleus - Female sex behaviour
Medial Preoptic areas - Male sex behaviour
What are some sex differences noted in adult behaviour?
Male: Higher susceptibility to dyslexia and autism
Perform better on some spatial functions
Females: Perform better on some verbal functions
Sex drive is controlled by androgens
What is Orchidectomy and what does it tell us about nature of sexual behaviour?
Removal of the testes. The results have shown a variety of responses, suggesting sexual interest has a lot to do with the brain.
What are the male and female concordance rates found in Bailey’s study on genetic element in homosexuality?
Males: MZ = 52%, DZ = 22%
Females: MZ; 48%, DZ = 16%
What usually happens if girls are exposed to extra oestrogen in the womb?
Tend to report higher level of sexual attraction towards women
What does the size of INAH3 tell us about homosexual males brains?
It is smaller than heterosexual men, but bigger than heterosexual female’s, indicating their brain is feminised.
What are the 5 brain areas involved in the dopamine reward pathway?
Pro-frontal Cortex, Nucleus Accumbens, Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Ventral Tegmental area
What id Gizewksi et al’s study about?
How females respond to erotic stimuli using fMRI. Their reaction depended where abouts in their menstrual cycle they were in.
