L7 - Coral Reef Conservation

Question 1

What other ecosystem equals the diversity of a coral reef?

Answer 1

Tropical Rainforest

Question 2

Expand further on “an oasis in a nutrient desert”

Answer 2

Oligotrophic waters but production at 4-6 g C/m2/day

Question 3

Give 5 points about the distribution of coral reefs

Answer 3

1. Between the 18 Deg C Isotherms
2. Between 30 N and 30 S
3. Transitional and Developing Countries
4. 23-25 Deg C Water Temperatures
5. Wallacier Zone = High Biodiversity

Question 4

Who conducts annual surveys on coral reefs?

Answer 4

Reef Base

Question 5

What is the ecology of a coral?

Answer 5

An endosymbiotic relationship between algae and the coral polyp

Question 6

What type of algae are found in corals?

Answer 6

Zooxanthelle (who are Autotrophic)

Question 7

What role does the coral polyp have?

Answer 7

Optimises photosynthesis

Question 8

Give 6 natural/biological threats to coral reefs

Answer 8

1. Alien Species
2. Biological Outbreaks
3. Bio-Eroders
4. Species Interaction (Mutualism)
5. Diseases and Pathogens
6. Storms etc.

Question 9

Give 9 anthropogenic threats to coral reefs

Answer 9

1. Trade of Coral Reef Species
2. Cyanide Fishing
3. Dynamite Fishing
4. Traditional Fishing
5. Commercial Fishing
6. Direct Damage
7. From the Terrestrial Zone
8. Oil Spills
9. Coral Bleaching

Question 10

Give 6 aspects of marine reef conservation

Answer 10

1. Monitoring
2. Mapping
3. Research
4. Protection
5. Enforcement through Legislation
6. Education

Question 11

Give 4 marine coral reef conservation

Answer 11

1. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
2. International Coral Reef Initiative (1994)
3. Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network
4. International Coral Reef Action Network (2000)

Question 12

Management of coral reefs needs to be what?

Answer 12

Synergistic