L7

Question 1

Track 1 Diplomacy

Answer 1

Official diplomacy

Question 2

Track 1.5 Diplomacy

Answer 2

Participants: some participants in an official capacity (e.g., government rep)

Question 3

Track 2 Diplomacy 1. Date; 2. Coiner; 3. Description; 4. Actors; 5. Conditions; 6. Benefits; 7. Case study

Answer 3

1. 1981
2. Joseph Montville
3. Unofficial: unofficial diplomatic initiatives
4. Actors: former diplomats, academic practitioners and citizens connected to military complex
5. Conditions: when it’s too hot for official negotiations b/w diplomats

Benefits: no political pressure, blue sky, transfer.

6. Case Study: Oslo process started in a Track 2 setting

Question 4

Track 3 Diplomacy

Answer 4

People-to-people diplomacy

Question 5

Soft Track 2 Diplomacy

Answer 5

1. Perspective: more about changing perspectives

2. Long-term: aims are long-term

Question 6

Hard Track 2 Diplomacy

Answer 6

1. Transfer: transfer to Track 1 will take place

2. Closer 1.5: to 1.5 than Soft Track 2.

Question 7

The Jerusalem Old City Initiative (JOCI): 1. Date, 2. Actors, 3. Issue.

Answer 7

1. Date: 2005 - 2017
2. Actors: Israli and Palistinian representatives
3. Issue: tackling governance in Jerusalem Old City

Question 8

3 Models of Track 2: CC, IP-S, ICR

Answer 8

1. Controlled communication: John Burton,
2. Interactive Problem-Solving: Prof. Herb Kelman, problem-solving workshops
3. Interactive Conflict Resolution: JR Fisher,

Question 9

Track 2 Objectives: PLNTN

Answer 9

1. Perceptions: change perceptions of the conflict and the other
2. Lines of communication: open up lines of communications b/w two sides
3. New options: develop new options for new official negotiations when resumption of official negotiations can occur
4. Transfer: transfer ideas back to official negotiations
5. Network effect: develop a network of influential people who can go back to their country/region/organization - long term objective