L5.5 & 5.6 Definitions

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Gene: Gene is a unit of heredity that is located in a specific place on the chromosome(loci). Genes code for specific proteins and then give you the trait

Question 2

Heredity

Answer 2

Heredity: Heredity is the passing of Genes from parents to offspring.

Question 3

Homologous

Answer 3

Homologous: paired chromosomes (1 from mom, 1 from dad)

Question 4

Alleles

Answer 4

Alleles: 2 variants of each gene

Question 5

Homozygous

Answer 5

Homozygous: coding for the same trait

Question 6

Heterozygous

Answer 6

Heterozygous: coding for different traits

Question 7

Locus/loci

Answer 7

Locus/loci: the specific location of a gene on the chromosome

Question 8

Human genome

Answer 8

Human genome: All of the human chromosomes and genes

Question 9

Human genome project

Answer 9

Human genome project: The human genome has been mapped. As a result of the mapping of the human genome, during what is known as the human genome project (HGP) we now know there are approximately 20,500 human genes.

Question 10

Inheritable diseases

Answer 10

Inheritable diseases: diseases associated with genes

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

Phenotype: what is seen/visible physically

Question 12

Genotype

Answer 12

Genotype: we cannot see it physically

Question 13

Karyotype banding

Answer 13

Karyotype banding: The genes appear layered on our chromosomes in a very specific way - like a road map.

Question 14

Acquired trait

Answer 14

Acquired trait: what you learn after you are born

Question 15

Inherited trait

Answer 15

Inherited trait: the trait that you get inherited from your parents

Question 16

Punnet square

Answer 16

Punnet square: A punnet square illustrates how the parents alleles might combine in offspring.

Question 17

Ratio

Answer 17

Ratio: A ratio compares, or shows the relationship between, two quantities

Question 18

Probability

Answer 18

Probability: Probability is the likelihood, or chance, of a specific outcome in relation to the total number of specific outcomes.

Question 19

Percentage

Answer 19

Percentage: a percentage is a ratio that compares a number to 100

Question 20

The punnet square has the ___, _______ and the ______

Answer 20

The punnet square has the key, genotype and the phenotype