L5 - Working Memory Model Flashcards
What model did Baddeley and Hitch (1974) challenge?
The multi-store model (MSM) of memory which suggests that people have only one type of STM
What is the main argument of the working memory model (WMM)?
STM is an active store holding several pieces of information while being worked on. LTM is the passive store, that just only holds previously learned material
What role does the central executive play in the working memory model? And what are the three main components
Drives the whole working memory system and allocates data to the slave systems. Also,cognitive tasks: decision making, reasoning, problem solving. Phonological loop, episodic buffer, visuo spatial sketchpad
What cognitive tasks does the central executive deal with?
Decision making, reasoning, and problem solving
Individuals have a limited attentional capacity, so what happens to tasks that become automated, and an example
Tasks that are automated make less attentional demands and free the individual to perform other tasks.
E.g. person driving 10 yrs, becomes an automated task as doesn’t have as many attentional demands, now can listen to music or talk more easier
What is the phonological loop responsible for?
Dealing with spoken and written material
What type of coding and How does the phonological loop represent information?
Using auditory coding, representing information phonetically
What is the capacity of the phonological loop? And what other two things in the phonological loop
The amount of information which can be spoken in 1-2 seconds
Phonological store and articulatory loop
Phonological store
Referred to as The inner ear. Linked to speech perception. Where info is stored in phonological loop
What is the function of the articulatory loop?
Referred to as inner voice. Linked to speech production. Used to rehearse and store verbal information from the phonological store - allows for maintenance rehearsal
Visuo-spatial sketchpad
Stores and processes Information in a visual or spatial form. Used for navigation. Referred to as inner eye.
What are the two sub-components of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?
Visual cache and inner scribe
What does the visual cache store?
Visual material about form and colour
What does the inner scribe handle?
Spatial relationships
What component did Baddeley (2000) add to the working memory model?
The episodic buffer
What is the purpose of the episodic buffer?
To integrate and code information from the phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad, and long-term memory
What is the believed capacity of the episodic buffer?
About four chunks of information
Capacity of central executive
none
