L3 - Multi-store Model Of Memory Flashcards
Who developed the multi-store model of memory?
Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968
Name the three permanent structures in the multi-store model of memory.
- Sensory Register (SR)
- Short-Term Memory (STM)
- Long-Term Memory (LTM)
What is the sr
Environmental stimuli enters SR, this is where unprocessed impressions of info are retained
What is the capacity and duration of information in the sensory register?
Capacity is unlimited and duration is 250 milliseconds
What happens to sensory information that is not attended to?
It is lost due to decay
What are the two types of sensory stores in the sensory register?
- Iconic store for visual information
- Echoic store for auditory information
What type of coding and store is used in short-term memory?
Acoustic coding, which means similar sound8ng material can get confused. It is a temporary store for info before transferred to LTM
What is the limited capacity of short-term memory?
7 (+/-2) pieces of information
What is the duration of information in short-term memory?
18-30 seconds
How is info kept in stm
Maintenance rehearsal - Repeatedly verbalising or thinking about the information
What is the purpose of elaborative rehearsal?
To organise information in a meaningful way for transfer to LTM - permanent storage
How is info coded in LTM and what type of store
If it is sufficiently rehearsed, info coded semantically. Permanent store
What is the potential capacity and duration of long-term memory?
Capacity is potentially infinite, and duration potentially A lifetime
How is information retrieved from long-term memory?
It is retrieved by short-term memory and then recalled
Why can we sometimes not access info from LTM
Retrieval failure, and we need retrieval cues to access it
What was Atkinson + shiffrin arguement
Argued that our memory involves a flow of information through a series of stages in a fixed linear sequence: three unitary stores, each has its own coding, capacity, and duration
