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Block 13 Ellen > L5:physiological consequences of lung disease extra > Flashcards

L5:physiological consequences of lung disease extra Flashcards

1
Q

minute volume =

A

tidal volume x respiratory rate

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2
Q

alveolar ventilation=

A

(tidal volume-dead space) x respiratory rate

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3
Q

ventilatory demand=

A

the spontaneous minute ventilation required to maintain a normal PaCO2

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4
Q

rate of gas transfer proportional to

A

tissue area

difference in partial gas pressure

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5
Q

rate of gas transfer inversely proportional to

A

tissue thickness

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6
Q

which gas diffuses 20x faster

A

CO2

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7
Q

maximum diffusion is at

A

lung bases when upright

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8
Q

reduced ventilation/ normal perfusion –>

A

shunt of deoxygenated blood to systemic circulation

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9
Q

FVC=

A

forced vital capacity

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10
Q

FEV1=

A

forced expiratory volume in 1 sec

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11
Q

CT pulomary angiogram looks at

A

perfusion

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12
Q

oxygen saturation at normal PaO2

A

95

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13
Q

CO2 levels detected by

A

central chemoreceptors

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14
Q

type 1 respiratory failure

A

low O2

low/normal PaCO2

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15
Q

type 2 respiratory failure

A

low O2

high PaCO2

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16
Q

obstruction=

A

problem with airflow

17
Q

ratio in obstruction

A

FEV1 reduced
FVC same
FEV1/FVC reduced

18
Q

3 obstructive disease

A

Asthma
COPD
bronchiectasis

19
Q

4 restrictive disorders

A

pulmonary fibrosis
obesity
chest wall deformities
neuromuscular disorders

20
Q

asthma=

A

narrowing of airways
muscular hypertrophy
mucus secretion
reversible with treatment

21
Q

obstructive disease effect on diffusion

A

normal (except emphysema)

22
Q

type 2 compensated respiratory failure=

A

ph normal
PO2 low
PCO2 high
HCO3 high

23
Q

pulmonary fibrosis=

A

thickened alveolar membranes

24
Q

2 restrictive lung diseases causing type 2 respiratory failure

A

chest wall deformities

neuromuscular disorders

25
Q

2 restrictive lung diseases causing a type 1 respiratory failure

A

pulmonary fibrosis

interstitial lung disease

26
Q

treatment of pulmonary fibrosis

A

antifibrotics
oxygen
management for SOB
transplantation

Block 13 Ellen (5 decks)

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