L15:pharmacology of heart failure Flashcards
treatment of pulmonary oedema
diamorphine oxygen diuretic vasodilator ventilatory support inotropic support
inotropic support is usually
dobutamine
vasodilator=
IV nitrate (sublingual GTN if don’t have IV
GTN =
glyceryl trinitrate
clinical course of pulmonary oedema
get better or die
anasarca=
gross fluid retention
how much weight gain is needed for pitting oedema
5kg weight increase
signs of acute on chronic heart failure
weight gain
pitting oedema
ascities
pleural effusions
treatment of ansarca
bed rest daily weighs fluid restriction diuretics dialysis
what do patient need to take if on bed rest
dalteparin (LMWH)
how to give diuretics in anasarca
IV to bypass oedematous gut
2 loop diuretics used
bumethanide
torsemide
3 classes of diuretics used
loop
thiazide
potassium sparing
aldosterone antagonist=
spironolactone (MR antagonist)
3 aims of chronic heart failure treatment
relieve symptoms
improve morbidity
improve mortality
4 drug treatments for chronic heart failure
diuretics
ACE inhibits
ARBs
Beta blockers
ACE inhibitor used in heart failure=
enalapril
side effects of ACE inhibitors
cough
rash
angioedema
Angiotensin receptor blockers end in
-sartan
2 Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist =
spironolactone
eplerenone
which MRA is selective
eplerenone
how do beta blockers improve myocardial function
- protecting cardiac myocytes
- slowing the heart
- increases diastolic coronary blood flow
drug that inhibits funny channels
ivabradine
what does ivabradine do
lowers HR
