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Block 13 Ellen > L15:pharmacology of heart failure > Flashcards

L15:pharmacology of heart failure Flashcards

1
Q

treatment of pulmonary oedema

A 
diamorphine 
oxygen 
diuretic 
vasodilator 
ventilatory support 
inotropic support
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2
Q

inotropic support is usually

A

dobutamine

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3
Q

vasodilator=

A

IV nitrate (sublingual GTN if don’t have IV

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4
Q

GTN =

A

glyceryl trinitrate

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5
Q

clinical course of pulmonary oedema

A

get better or die

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6
Q

anasarca=

A

gross fluid retention

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7
Q

how much weight gain is needed for pitting oedema

A

5kg weight increase

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8
Q

signs of acute on chronic heart failure

A

weight gain
pitting oedema
ascities
pleural effusions

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9
Q

treatment of ansarca

A 
bed rest 
daily weighs 
fluid restriction 
diuretics
dialysis
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10
Q

what do patient need to take if on bed rest

A

dalteparin (LMWH)

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11
Q

how to give diuretics in anasarca

A

IV to bypass oedematous gut

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12
Q

2 loop diuretics used

A

bumethanide

torsemide

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13
Q

3 classes of diuretics used

A

loop
thiazide
potassium sparing

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14
Q

aldosterone antagonist=

A

spironolactone (MR antagonist)

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15
Q

3 aims of chronic heart failure treatment

A

relieve symptoms
improve morbidity
improve mortality

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16
Q

4 drug treatments for chronic heart failure

A

diuretics
ACE inhibits
ARBs
Beta blockers

17
Q

ACE inhibitor used in heart failure=

A

enalapril

18
Q

side effects of ACE inhibitors

A

cough
rash
angioedema

19
Q

Angiotensin receptor blockers end in

A

-sartan

20
Q

2 Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist =

A

spironolactone

eplerenone

21
Q

which MRA is selective

A

eplerenone

22
Q

how do beta blockers improve myocardial function

A
  • protecting cardiac myocytes
  • slowing the heart
  • increases diastolic coronary blood flow
23
Q

drug that inhibits funny channels

A

ivabradine

24
Q

what does ivabradine do

A

lowers HR

25
Q

sacubitril=

A

NEP inhibitor

26
Q

what does a NEP inhibitor do

A

increases natriuretic peptide

27
Q

valsartan=

A

ARB

28
Q

2 drugs to avoid in heart failure

A
  • calcium antagonists - amlodipine

- positive inotropes- digoxin

29
Q

pharmacology of hypertension

A

ABCD

  • Ace inhibitors
  • Beta blockers
  • calcium antagonists
  • diuretics
30
Q

calcium antagonists use =

A

slows heart rate and useful in angina

31
Q

dihydropiridines calcium channel blockers=

A

amlodipine
nifedipine
(-ipine)

32
Q

non-dihydropyridines=

A

verapamil

diltiazem

33
Q

side effect of calcium antagonists

A

ankle swelling
tachycardia reflex
flushing

34
Q

doxazosin=

A

alpha blocker

35
Q

minoxidil=

A

opens potassium channels (vasodilator)

Block 13 Ellen (5 decks)

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