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Biochemistry > L4 Proteins > Flashcards

L4 Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Each amino acids has a _____ group, a ______ group, and a _______.

A

carboxyl
primary amino
side chain

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2
Q

Non polar aliphatic amino acids are _____. Hydrophobicity _____ as the number of carbon atoms on the hydrocarbon chain ______.

A

hydrophobic
increases
increases

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3
Q

Most aliphatic AA are found within protein molecules but _____ and _____ are found either inside or outside a protein molecule.

A

alanine
glycine

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4
Q

Examples of non polar aliphatic AA

A

-Alanine
-Glycine
-Proline
Branched chain
-Valine
-Leucine
-Isoleucine

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5
Q

Examples of aromatic amino acids

A

-Phenylalanine & tryptophan ( hydrophobic)
-Tyrosine ( X hydrophobic )

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6
Q

AA with side chains that contains _____ group or ____ group can be classified as aliphatic, polar, uncharged amino acids

A

amide ( asparagine , glutamine)
hydroxyl ( serine, threonine)

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7
Q

Examples of aliphatic, polar , uncharged AA are?

A

-Asparagine
-Glutamine
-Serine
-Threonine

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8
Q

Acidic AA composed of ____ acid and _____ acid. They are able to _____ protons ( hydrogen ) in reactions and becomes _____ charged. They are ______.

A

aspartic
glutamic
lose
negatively
hydrophilic

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9
Q

Basic AA has basic R chains that _____ to available _____ so they gain _____ charge.

A

bind
protons ( hydrogen )
positive

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10
Q

3 basic AA are?

A

arginine
lysine
histidine

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11
Q

Arginine has the ______ positive charge due to _______ nitrogen groups to synthesize proteins and catalyze enzyme function.

A

strongest
3

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12
Q

Histidine has a very _______ positive charge due to its lack of _____ in the amino group.

A

weak
nitrogen

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13
Q

Examples of sulfur containing AA ?

A

-Cysteine
-Methionine

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14
Q

Alpha ____ group of one AA reacts with alpha _____ group of another AA to form a _____ bond or CO-NH bridge

A

carboxyl
amino
peptide

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15
Q

2 AA form a _____
3 AA form a _____
4 AA form a _____
A few AA forms a ______
A combination of 10 to 50 AA forms a_____.

A

dipeptide
tripeptide
tetrapeptide
oligopeptide
polypeptide

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16
Q

Primary structure of protein is the ________________. The sequence of a protein is determined by the _______ that encodes the protein. Example is ______.

A

sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
DNA of the gene
insulin

17
Q

Secondary structure of protein refers to ______ structures that form within a ______ due to the interactions between ______ of the backbone. The most common types are _____ and _______. Both are held in shape by _____.

A

local folded
polypeptide
atoms
alpha helix
beta pleated
hydrogen bonds

18
Q

Tertiary structure denotes _______ structure of the ______ protein. They are maintained by ________,______ and ______ forces.

A

three-dimensional
whole
hydrophobic bonds
electrostatic bonds
van der Waals

19
Q

A covalent bond in tertiary structure called ______ keep parts of the polypeptide firmly attached to one another.

A

disulfide bonds

20
Q

Quartenary structure of proteins is when polypeptides ______ to form ____ functional protein. Example is __________ and _______.

A

aggregates
one
hemoglobin
DNA polymerase

21
Q

Hemoglobin carries _____ in the blood as made of _________ types.

A

blood
alpha and beta

22
Q

What are the chemical and physical properties of protein?

A

-molecular weight
-solubility
-shape
-isoelectric pH
-precipitation reaction
-denaturation of proteins

23
Q

Proteins can be classified into ______,____ and ______.

A

functions
solubility
nutritional value

24
Q

Myoglobin is a ____ protein that stores ______ as a _____ against oxygen deprivation. It is a ____ protein composed of a ____ polypeptide chain that has one _______ binding site. Rich in ____ and ______.

A

monomeric
oxygen
reserve
globular
single
oxygen
alpha-helix
histidine

25
Q

Haemoglobin is a ______ protein with each monomer having a ____ unit to bind with oxygen.

A

tetrametric
haem

26
Q

Substitution of AA ______ the structure and function of Hb. Example, in sickle cell anaemia the ______ AA in the beta chain is altered from _____ acid to ______.

A

alters
6th
glutamic
valine

Biochemistry (7 decks)

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