L2 Cell Membrane and Transport

Question 1

Lipids are ______ in water but ______ in non-polar organic solvents

Answer 1

insoluble
soluble

Question 2

Lipids is an ___________ molecule, which has ________ heads and ______ tails.

Answer 2

ampiphatic
hydrophilic
hydrophobic

Question 3

Single-tailed lipids tend to form _______

Answer 3

micelles

Question 4

Glycerophospholipids and Sphingolipids tend to form _______.

Answer 4

bilayers

Question 5

Function of cell membrane?

Answer 5

-Form cell and organelle boundaries
-Composed of proteins associated with a lipid bilayer matrix

Question 6

Lipid bilayers are _______ to ionic and polar substances

Answer 6

impermeable

Question 7

Membrane proteins acts as ______ for certain molecules

Answer 7

transporters

Question 8

What are the factors of permeability?

Answer 8

Size
Charged ( ionic )
Polarity
Hydrophobic

Question 9

What are the components of bilayer lipids?

Answer 9

Phospholipids
Sphingolipids
Glycolipids
Cholestrol

Question 10

What are the components of membrane proteins?

Answer 10

Integral proteins
Peripheral proteins
Lipid-anchored proteins

Question 11

Phospholipids is a ____ class of membrane lipids and has _____ as backbone.

Answer 11

major
glycerol

Question 12

What are the examples of phospholipids?

Answer 12

-Phosphatidylserine ( PS )
-Phosphatidylethanolamine ( PE )
-Phosphatidylcholine ( PC )
-Phosphatidylinositol ( PI )
-Cardiolipin

Question 13

Phosphatidylserine ( PS ) is involved in ______ of _______ , and present at ______

Answer 13

cell signaling, apoptosis pathway
inner surface of cell membrane

Question 14

Phosphatidylethanolamine ( PE ) is involved in ______ and ______.

Answer 14

membrane fusion
metabolic pathway

Question 15

Phosphatidylcholine ( PC ) is involved in _________.

Answer 15

cell signaling

Question 16

Phosphatidylinositol ( PI ) provides sites for _____________.

Answer 16

protein-protein interaction

Question 17

Cardioplin is involved in ________ and found in ______ and _______.

Answer 17

mitochondrial metabolism
inner membrane of mitochondria
membrane of bacteria

Question 18

Sphingolipids are phospholipids with _________ backbone.

Answer 18

sphingosine

Question 19

Functions of sphingolipids?

Answer 19

-receptor cell signaling
-regulation of cell functions
-regulation of endocytosis

Question 20

Examples of sphingolipids

Answer 20

Sphingosine and Sphingomyelin

Question 21

Glycolipids are ______ lipids

Answer 21

sugar-containing

Question 22

Example of glycolipids?

Answer 22

Cerebroside

Question 23

Cholestrol has hydroxyl group that interact with phospholipid head group to __________.

Answer 23

provide rigidity to the cell membrane

Question 24

What are the classification of cell transport based on direction?

Answer 24

Uniport: single molecule at a time
-Glucose transporter
Symport: 2 diff molecules in SAME direction
-Sodium glucose co-transporters
Antiport: 2 diff molecules in OPPOSITE direction
-Sodium potassium pump

Question 25

What are the types of passive transport?

Answer 25

Simple diffusion Osmosis Facilitated diffusion

Question 26

What are the types of active transport for pump?

Answer 26

Primary Active Transport -Direct utilization of energy Secondary Active Transport -Indirect utilization of energy

Question 27

What are the types of active transport for vesicle?

Answer 27

Exocytosis Endocystosis -pinocytosis -phagocytosis -receptor mediated

Question 28

Characteristics of passive transport

Answer 28

membrane is selective permeable no need energy cannot regulate the direction

Question 29

Simple diffusion can pass through membrane _____ their concentration gradient

Answer 29

down

Question 30

Facilitated diffusion is through a ________

Answer 30

channel/carrier

Question 31

Osmosis is through an _________

Answer 31

aquaporin

Question 32

Definiton of Osmosis

Answer 32

Water molecules move from low solute concentration to high solute concentration

Question 33

Endocytosis is when cells internalize extracellular macromolecules to form ____________ and require _________

Answer 33

endocytic vesicles energy and Ca2+ ions

Question 34

Phagocytosis is the _________.

Answer 34

engulfment of large particles

Question 35

In phagocytosis, cells extend pseudopodia and surround the particles to form ________.

Answer 35

phagosomes

Question 36

Phagosomes eventually fuse with lysosome to form __________

Answer 36

phagolysosomes

Question 37

Pinocytosis is primarily used for the absorption of _________

Answer 37

fat droplets

Question 38

What are the steps in receptor mediated endocytosis?

Answer 38

1. LDL receptors on surface of cell membrane 2. Formation of coated pit 3. Coated vesicle 4. Endosome

Question 39

Exoctyosis is when secretory vesicles move towards and fuse with _______ upon stimulation

Answer 39

plasma membrane

Question 40

Bulk uptake of liquid is an example of?

Answer 40

pinocytosis

Question 41

Peroxisomes contain ______ enzymes

Answer 41

oxidative