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Biochemistry > L2 Cell Membrane and Transport > Flashcards

L2 Cell Membrane and Transport Flashcards

1
Q

Lipids are ______ in water but ______ in non-polar organic solvents

A

insoluble
soluble

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2
Q

Lipids is an ___________ molecule, which has ________ heads and ______ tails.

A

ampiphatic
hydrophilic
hydrophobic

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3
Q

Single-tailed lipids tend to form _______

A

micelles

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4
Q

Glycerophospholipids and Sphingolipids tend to form _______.

A

bilayers

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5
Q

Function of cell membrane?

A

-Form cell and organelle boundaries
-Composed of proteins associated with a lipid bilayer matrix

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6
Q

Lipid bilayers are _______ to ionic and polar substances

A

impermeable

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7
Q

Membrane proteins acts as ______ for certain molecules

A

transporters

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8
Q

What are the factors of permeability?

A

Size
Charged ( ionic )
Polarity
Hydrophobic

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9
Q

What are the components of bilayer lipids?

A

Phospholipids
Sphingolipids
Glycolipids
Cholestrol

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10
Q

What are the components of membrane proteins?

A

Integral proteins
Peripheral proteins
Lipid-anchored proteins

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11
Q

Phospholipids is a ____ class of membrane lipids and has _____ as backbone.

A

major
glycerol

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12
Q

What are the examples of phospholipids?

A

-Phosphatidylserine ( PS )
-Phosphatidylethanolamine ( PE )
-Phosphatidylcholine ( PC )
-Phosphatidylinositol ( PI )
-Cardiolipin

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13
Q

Phosphatidylserine ( PS ) is involved in ______ of _______ , and present at ______

A

cell signaling, apoptosis pathway
inner surface of cell membrane

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14
Q

Phosphatidylethanolamine ( PE ) is involved in ______ and ______.

A

membrane fusion
metabolic pathway

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15
Q

Phosphatidylcholine ( PC ) is involved in _________.

A

cell signaling

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16
Q

Phosphatidylinositol ( PI ) provides sites for _____________.

A

protein-protein interaction

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17
Q

Cardioplin is involved in ________ and found in ______ and _______.

A

mitochondrial metabolism
inner membrane of mitochondria
membrane of bacteria

18
Q

Sphingolipids are phospholipids with _________ backbone.

A

sphingosine

19
Q

Functions of sphingolipids?

A

-receptor cell signaling
-regulation of cell functions
-regulation of endocytosis

20
Q

Examples of sphingolipids

A

Sphingosine and Sphingomyelin

21
Q

Glycolipids are ______ lipids

A

sugar-containing

22
Q

Example of glycolipids?

A

Cerebroside

23
Q

Cholestrol has hydroxyl group that interact with phospholipid head group to __________.

A

provide rigidity to the cell membrane

24
Q

What are the classification of cell transport based on direction?

A

Uniport: single molecule at a time
-Glucose transporter
Symport: 2 diff molecules in SAME direction
-Sodium glucose co-transporters
Antiport: 2 diff molecules in OPPOSITE direction
-Sodium potassium pump

25
Q

What are the types of passive transport?

A

Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion

26
Q

What are the types of active transport for pump?

A

Primary Active Transport
-Direct utilization of energy
Secondary Active Transport
-Indirect utilization of energy

27
Q

What are the types of active transport for vesicle?

A

Exocytosis
Endocystosis
-pinocytosis
-phagocytosis
-receptor mediated

28
Q

Characteristics of passive transport

A

membrane is selective permeable
no need energy
cannot regulate the direction

29
Q

Simple diffusion can pass through membrane _____ their concentration gradient

A

down

30
Q

Facilitated diffusion is through a ________

A

channel/carrier

31
Q

Osmosis is through an _________

A

aquaporin

32
Q

Definiton of Osmosis

A

Water molecules move from low solute concentration to high solute concentration

33
Q

Endocytosis is when cells internalize extracellular macromolecules to form ____________ and require _________

A

endocytic vesicles
energy and Ca2+ ions

34
Q

Phagocytosis is the _________.

A

engulfment of large particles

35
Q

In phagocytosis, cells extend pseudopodia and surround the particles to form ________.

A

phagosomes

36
Q

Phagosomes eventually fuse with lysosome to form __________

A

phagolysosomes

37
Q

Pinocytosis is primarily used for the absorption of _________

A

fat droplets

38
Q

What are the steps in receptor mediated endocytosis?

A
  1. LDL receptors on surface of cell membrane
  2. Formation of coated pit
  3. Coated vesicle
  4. Endosome
39
Q

Exoctyosis is when secretory vesicles move towards and fuse with _______ upon stimulation

A

plasma membrane

40
Q

Bulk uptake of liquid is an example of?

A

pinocytosis

41
Q

Peroxisomes contain ______ enzymes

A

oxidative

Biochemistry (7 decks)

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