L4 Neural Tissues

Question 1

Afferent neurons

Answer 1

Transmits sensory information to brain/spinal cord

Question 2

Efferent neurons

Answer 2

Motor neurons transmitting information from brain to effector organs

Question 3

Give an example of a sensory ganglion

Answer 3

Dorsal root ganglion

Question 4

What is a motor ganglion

Answer 4

Parasympathetic ganglion

Question 5

Describe the cells of the motor ganglion

Answer 5

Smaller neurons on the side of the cell with eccentric nuclei

Question 6

Describe the cells of sensory ganglion

Answer 6

Big neurons, central nuclei

Question 7

What is broadmann area 4

Answer 7

Primary motor cortex

Question 8

What is broadmann area 17

Answer 8

Primary visual cortex

Question 9

Name 4 ways in which glia cells differ from neurons

Answer 9

Glia have no action potentials, do not form synapses, are able to divide and form the myelin sheath

Question 10

Define rostral

Answer 10

Up/beak

Question 11

Role of oligodendrocytes

Answer 11

Production/maintenance of myelin sheath

One oligodendrocyte myelinates multiple axons

Question 12

Role of astrocytes

Answer 12

Neuronal development/growth

Question 13

Describe Microglia

Answer 13

Glial cells of the CNS

Function:

• Immune cells
• Engulfs microbes, debris

Develop from monocytes, of mesodermal origin

Question 14

Describe ependymal cells

Answer 14

Lines brain’s ventricles and central canal of spinal cord

From CSF

Question 15

What is a glioma?

Answer 15

Primary tumour derived from glial cells
Inside cranium
Malignant
Difficult to remove completely with surgery

Question 16

What is a neuroblastoma?

Answer 16

Tumour outside cranium derived from neural crest cells from SNS
Often raised catecholamine levee

Question 17

Outline glial classifications

Answer 17

CNS- astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal, microglial cells
PNS- schwann cells, satellite cells

Question 18

CNS vs PNS

Answer 18

CNS= Brain and spinal cord

• Receives and processes information
• Controls reflexes and behaviour.

PNS- Cranial and spinal nerves.

• Sensory detection
• Motor activation

Question 19

What are Broadmann areas?

Answer 19

52 regions of the cortex are numbered

• Boundaries determined by cellular structure and function.
• Each area has specific inputs and outputs