L13 How Drugs Control The Brain Flashcards
GABA A receptor
Ionotropic receptors
ligand gated cl- channel
Fast IPSP
2 sites for GABA to bind
GABA b receptors
Metabotropic receptor
GPCR
opens K+ channel, closes Ca2+ channel
Slow IPSPs
Name a GABAa agonist
Muscimol
Name a GABA a anatagonist
Bicuculline
How do barbiturates work
Increase duration of channel openings
Name a GABA b receptor agonist
Baclofen
Used as a muscle relaxant to reduce spasticity
What does PCP bind to
NMDA receptors
GABA IS AN EXCITATORY NEUROTRANSMITTER DURING DEVELOPMENT T/F
T
DA does not act through ionotropic receptors T/F
T
Prozac is an example of what
SSRI
What 2 drugs affect the serotonertgic receptor
SSRI
MDMA
Name 3 indirect agonists of GABA a receptor
Alcohol
Benzodiazepine
Alcohol
Benzodiazepines
- MOA
- effects
- examples
acts on alpha subunit of GABA(A) receptor
Indirect agonist - benzodiazepine binds to a subunit, changes conformation of the receptor so GABA activation of receptor is more effective.
reduce anxiety, convulsions
,cause sedation, relax muscles, cause amnesia
Example- diazepam(Valium)
Baclofen
Agonist of GABA b
used as muscle relaxant to reduce spasticty (e.g in HD)
What does the striatum consist of?
caudate
putamen
In terms of DA, how do HD and PD differ?
PD - destruction of DA projections from SN to basal ganglia
HD- destruction of DA target neurons in striatum
How does addiction occur?
drugs of abuse lead to enhanced DA release in the NAcc
Name 2 psychomotor stimulants
Cocaine and Amphetamine
Typical antipsychotics
haloperidol, chlorpromazine
DA receptor antagonist
action in mesocortical system
side effects: extrapyramidal symptoms
Atypical antipsychotics
Clozapine
D4 receptor antagonist
no EPS
Serotonin
function in mood, sleep can be ionotropic/metabotropic
M- 5-HT1A (Gi)
I- 5HT-3: opens channel that fluxes Na+, K+, Ca2+ (excitatory)
MDMA- ecstasy
causes serotonin (and norepinephrine) transporters to run in reverse
increased release of serotonin and blocked reuptake
Alzheimer’s disease
Loss of cholinergic neurons in the basal ganglia - possibly underlies deficits in memory associated with the disease.
What are the 2 types of ACh receptors?
- Muscarinic (metabotropic)
- Nicotinic (ionotropic)
Name a Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor used in the Treatment for Alzheimer’s disease
physostigmine
Name a Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor used in the Treatment for Myasthenia gravis
neostigmine
this autoimmune- destroys cholinergic receptors
