Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MDSC404 Renal > L3: Glomerular Filtration > Flashcards

L3: Glomerular Filtration Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 layers of the glomerular capillary ultrastructure?

A

Endothelium
Basement membrane
Epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epithelium of the GC

A

Podocytes and pedicels attach to basement membrane and are separated by filtration slits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Endothelium

A

Fenestrated
Freely permeable to small molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mesangium (M)

A

Surrounds the glomerulus
Provides structural support for capillaries
Contain contractile microfilaments
Responsive to vasoactive factors
Synthesizes PGs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can we look at to measure GFR?

A

Inulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is Inulin helpful for measuring the GFR?

A

Urinary inulin clearance is considered the gold standard for measuring GFR because inulin has all the properties of an ideal marker. It is freely filtered by the glomerulus, is not secreted or reabsorbed in the tubules, and is not synthesized or metabolized by the kidney.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 layers of the GC ultrastructure?

A
  1. Endothelium, basement membrane, epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What layer do we also call the podocyte later?

A

epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the filtration barrier made of?

A

matrix of glycoproteins and collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens if the epithelium/podocytes break down?

A

Larger molecules may pass through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which layer is freely permeable to small molecules?

A

Endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is filtration influenced?

A

By molecular charge and size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the location of the mesangium influence?

A

Filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Filtrate composition

A

Devoid of RBCs and large proteins (albumin)
COntains Na+, K+, glucose
Influenced by size (<5500D) and charge selectivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is filtrate composition similar to?

A

plasma w/out large proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GFR def

A

Rate of filtration across all nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the avergae GFR

A

123mL/min = 180L/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Range for males and females?

A

Males 90-140mL/min
Females 80-125mL/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Up to ____% of plasma is filtered. What is this called?

A

20, filtration fraction (stays constant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

GFR=

A

GFR=Kf x NFP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Kf

A

ultrafiltration coefficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

NFP

A

Net filtration pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Kf can be related to ?

A

Mesangial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does Kf regulate? Variable Y/N?

A

Regulates capillary perm and SA. Not highly variable

25
Q

NFP is the diff b/w

A

hydrostatic pressure (P) and oncotic pressure gradients (pi)

26
Q

NFP=

A

DeltaP - DeltaPi

27
Q

Oncotic pressure

A

refers to osmotically active compunds and porteins that are pulling in water

28
Q

Write out the GFR calculation

29
Q

PGC is ____X greater due to ____

A

2, fenestrations

30
Q

KF is ___x greater because of

A

100, mesangial cells

31
Q

PiBC is usually ___ so the equation becomes

32
Q

PGC is usually ___mmHG

33
Q

PBS is usually ___ mmHG

34
Q

NFP is usually ___mmHG

35
Q

PiBS is usually ___mmHG

36
Q

PiGC is usually ___mmHG

37
Q

GFR average

38
Q

Kf is usually mL/min per mmHg

39
Q

NFP is usually mmHg

40
Q

What is Glomerular Hydrostatic pressure most subject to?

A

Physiological control

41
Q

What is PGC regulated by?

A

Arterial pressure (perfusion pressure)
Autoregulation

42
Q

What are the 2 methods of renal autoregulation?

A

Myogenic mechanism (QR=P/R)
Tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF)

43
Q

GFR=Kf x NFP
When the NFP increases what happens to the GFR?

44
Q

What are the 3 cells that make up the Juxtaglomerular apparatus ?

A

MD - Macula densa
EGM - extraglomerular mesangium
GC - granular cells

45
Q

TGF pathway

46
Q

What is the receptor in TGF?

A

MD cells of JGA

47
Q

What is the control centre of the TGF

48
Q

What are the MD cells detecting ?

A

Increased Na, Cl, and H2O

49
Q

What do the afferent arterioles fo to decrase blood flow and decrease GFr?

50
Q

Normally FF remains ____ due to tight reg of both ___ and _____ (autoregP)

A

constant, GFR and RBF

51
Q

Acute and/or dramatic changes in _____ may alter FF. Give 2 examples

A

Arterial BP
Decrease - diuretics
Increase - Renal artery stenosis

52
Q

What is Renal Clearance based upon?

A

Fick principle which is the conservation of mass

53
Q

Renal Clearance is the volume of ___ cleared of a substance by the kidneys per _____ mL/min

A

plasma, unit time

54
Q

Clearance of a substance can be related to

55
Q

Clearance “s” is

56
Q

Urinary flow rate is denoted by

57
Q

Renal clearance calculation

58
Q

4 criteria for use of substance to measure GFR

A
  1. Freely filterable in the glomeruli
  2. NOT reabsrobed or secreted by renal tubules
  3. NOT synthesized, broken down, or accumulated by the kidney
  4. Inert (not toxic or impact renal function)
59
Q

Why is creatinine only an estimated GFR

A

secreted - 10% (shouldn’t be secreted)
ENDOGENOUS

MDSC404 Renal (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions