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Unit 3 Microbio > L25: Mono+Lyme Disease > Flashcards

L25: Mono+Lyme Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What’s Mono caused by?

A

Epstein-Barr virus

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2
Q

What else is EBV linked to and where?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma if EBV early in life

parts of Africa

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3
Q

Mono incubates for ____ and replicates in ____

A

1-2 months
Oropharynx, then lymph nodes
B cells, causing polyclonal expansion of lymphocytes
cells disseminate through lymph system

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4
Q

Mono prodrome

A

3-5 days

HA, fever, malaise, fatigue

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5
Q

Mono presentation

A

Sore throat
Symmetrical LAD
Fever
+/- hepatomegaly, increased LFTs, jaundice

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6
Q

Throat of a mono patient

A

Palatal enanthem at junction of hard and soft palate with petechial lesions

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7
Q

Downey cells

A

Atypical lymphocytes, mostly T cells, seen in mono

T cell response controls and halts infection, but also generates most of the symptoms

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8
Q

EBV epidemiology

A

Person-to-person, found in saliva for 1 month
asymptomatic/mild infection frequent
**peak: ages 17-25*

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9
Q

Best way to diagnose EBV

A

patient age
+
heterophile antibodies
patient serum+ horse RBCs= agglutinate

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10
Q

Who might not have a strong enough heterophile antibody response?

A

Preteens

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11
Q

Confirmation of EBV infection if (+) heterophile Ab

A

Serology:
IgM anti-virus capsid antigen
anti-VCA

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12
Q

You think a case of mono is strep and treat it with PCN….

A

Penicillin Injection rash!
Unknown mechanism
Looks like measles

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13
Q

How is CMV different from EBV?

A

Doesn’t produce heterophile antibodies

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14
Q

In whom is CMV most problematic?

A

Transplants

Pregnant

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15
Q

Major source of CMV infection

A

Children with minor colds

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16
Q

Owl’s eye phenomenon

A

seen on histology CMV

inclusion bodies in (lung?) cells

17
Q

CMV treatment

A

Ganciclovir

Immunoglobulin

18
Q

How/Where was Lyme disease discovered?

A

Old Lyme, Connecticut

Cluster of juvenile arthritis cases

19
Q

Lyme disease morphology

A

Spirochete

20
Q

How does Lyme’s present

A

Similar to syphilis

Can mimic other conditions, complicating diagnosis

21
Q

Lyme’s Stage 1

A

Acute localized disease
Erythema migrans: growing bull’s eye pattern
fades in a few weeks
+/- flu like symptoms

22
Q

Lyme’s Stage 2

A 
Subacute disseminated disease
Flu-like symptoms
*asymmetric arthritis attacks* (knees)
annular skin lesions (1/2)
Meningitis (15%): subacute, facial palsy
Nonspecific follicular conjunctivitis (10% stage 1/2)
23
Q

How many patients resolve spontaneously after Stage 1 of Lyme disease?

A

30%

70% get stage 2 weeks/months after infection

24
Q

Lyme’s Stage 3

A

Chronic disease: years
Musculoskeletal
More persistant, longer arthritis attacks
10% have chronic arthritis: >1 year without remitting

25
Q

Where does Lyme’s disease occur?

A

North America, Europe, Asia, Australia

26
Q

Borreliella burgdorferia

A

North America and Europe

27
Q

Borreliella garinii

A

Eurasia

28
Q

Borreliella Afzelii

A

Eurasia

29
Q

Causative agents of Lyme’s Disease

A

Borreliella burgdorferia
Borreliella garinii
Borreliella Afzelii

30
Q

The 19 US states that have 90% of Lyme’s cases

A 
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Maryland
Wisconsin
31
Q

Lyme’s vector

A

Ticks: Ixodes species:
deer tick or black-legged tick
(small)

32
Q

Lyme’s reservoir hosts

A

Small mammals, birds

tick transmission is essential to maintain cycle

33
Q

You catch it at the forest edge or in tall grass/brush (mouse territory)

A

Lyme disease

34
Q

If you remove a tick within 24 hours….

A

you have a low risk of transmission of Lyme’s!

problem is you might not feel a tick bite

35
Q

Lyme’s serology

A

EIA
If (+), Western blot
positive by 4th week of infection

36
Q

Who will have a false positive for Lyme’s on serology?

A 
Syphilis
Mono
Lupus
Rheumatoid arthritis
Oral infection
37
Q

Lyme’s vaccine

A

off market bc it induced arthritis

38
Q

DEET

A

Lyme’s prevention

Unit 3 Microbio (13 decks)

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