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Unit 3 Microbio > L19+20: All the rest > Flashcards

L19+20: All the rest Flashcards

1
Q

Possible causes of nongonococcal urethritis

A

Chlamydia trachomatic
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Mycoplasma genitalium

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2
Q

Causes of nongonococcal urethritis that don’t have cell walls

A

Ureaplasma urealyticum

Mycoplasma genitalium

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3
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis causes

A

Trachoma
inclusion conjunctivitis
lyphogranuloma venereum
nongonoccoal urethritis

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4
Q

Chlamydia psittaci causes

A

psittaci

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5
Q

Chlamydia pneumoniae causes

A

acute pneumonia

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6
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A 
Obligate intracellular bacteria, need host ATP
G-
elementary body (infectious)
reticular body (intracellular)
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7
Q

If a pregnant women has Chlamydia trachomatis, what percent of infants will get it too?

A

more than half
inclusion conjuncitivitis
5-10% get pneumonia

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8
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis discharge

A

watery

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9
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis in men

A

Urethritis (asymptomatic)

epididymitis

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10
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis in women

A

cervicitis
salpingitis
pelvic inflammatory disese

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11
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum

A

other serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis

nodules

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12
Q

What can cause chronic inflammation in Chlamydia trachomatis?

A

toxin producing strains

functions like toxin B of c diff, collapses the protein scaffolding of infected cells

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13
Q

Gold standard for diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Isolation in cell culture:
human immortalized cell lines
detect intracellular inclusions

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14
Q

Non-culture tests for Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Antigen detection

Nucleic acid probes (very sensitive)

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15
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes

A

Atypical pneumonia

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16
Q

Mycoplasma hominis causes

A

Pyelonephritis

Pelvic inflammatory disease

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17
Q

Mycoplasma genitalium causes

A

nongonococcal urethritis

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18
Q

Ureaplasma urealyticum

A

nongonococcal urethritis

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19
Q

Reservoir of ureaplasma urealyticum

A

genital tract of sexually active people
causes nongonococcal urethritis in men
causes chorioamnionitis and postpartum fever in women

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20
Q

Trichomonas tenax

A

normal flora of the mouth

21
Q

Trichomonas hominis

A

normal flora of the intestine

22
Q

Trichmonas vaginalis

A

STD causing trichomoniasis

23
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis morphology

A

huge protozoan
exists only as a trophozoite
extracellular anaerobe

24
Q

Trichomonas in men

A

Asymptomatic

Scanty, clear to mucopurulent discharge

25
Q

Trichomonas in females

A

symptomatic
profuse, froth, malodorous vaginal discharge
changes pH, predisposes to bacterial vaginosis

26
Q

Diagnosis of trichomoniasis

A

Wet mount
Culture (more sensitive)
Monoclonal antibody
DNA probe test

27
Q

Bacterial vaginosis

A

an overgrowth of opportunistic pathogen due to change in pH

not an STI

28
Q

Risk for bacterial vaginosis

A

history of previous STDs
history of sexual activity
intrauterine devices
history of pregnancy/abortion

29
Q

Normal vaginal pH

A

<4.5

30
Q

bacterial vaginosis pH

A

5-6

31
Q

Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis

A 
Pick 3 criteria:
Homogenous quality of secretions
Clue cells
Fishy amine odor when 10% KOH added
Vaginal pH >4.5
Curved G- or gram variable rods
32
Q

Clue cells

A

Bacteria all over epithelial cells in bacterial vaginosis

33
Q

Candidiasis

A

normal flora, opportunistic mycoses (fungal)

thrush, diaper rash, nails, heart

34
Q

Why does candidiasis become pathologic?

A 
broad spectrum abx
absence of competing normal flora
introduction to abnormal site
pathologic change in microenvironemnt (pH) 
immunodeficient
35
Q

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is most commonly caused by

A

Candida albicans

less common: c. tropicalis, c. glabrata

36
Q

Vulvovaginal candidiasis presentation

A 
usually endogenous, can be an STI
thick, frothy white discharge (no odor)
itching, irritation
burning during intercourse or urination
vaginal pain and soreness
37
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi morphology

A

non motile G- coccobacillus

38
Q

Haemophilus influenzae causes

A

otitis media
epiglottitis
meningitis

39
Q

Haemophilus aegypticus causes

A

conjunctivitis

40
Q

Characteristics of chancroid

A

tender papule on genitalia that develops into a tender ulcer with sharp margins
“soft chancre” lacking induration
regional adenopathy and bubo

41
Q

Chancroid is more common in

A

tropical countries

42
Q

Chancroid in females

A

asymptomatic or nondescript lesion

43
Q

bubo

A

a swollen inflamed lymph node in the armpit or groin

44
Q

The soft chancre of chancroid develops

A

quickly: 3-5 days post infection

45
Q

The soft chancre presents

A

vesicle or papule, solitary, which pustulates and ulcerates
autoinoculation may lead to multiple ulcers
painful, tender
bleeds readily
lacks induration

46
Q

Chancroid diagnosis

A

Identify haemophilus ducreyi from genital ulcer or swollen lymph node
misleading due to presence of polymicrobial flora in ulcer
lymph is frequently sterile
media for culture requires growth supplements
PCR

47
Q

Risk of pelvic inflammatory disease

A 
STD
prior episodes
sexually active adolescent
multiple sexual partners
douching
48
Q

Presentation of pelvic inflammatory disease

A 
lower abdominal pain
irregular menstruation
painful intercourse
scarring
abnormal vaginal discharge
increased pain during menstruation
fever, chills
49
Q

Diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease

A

inflammation: fever, leukocytosis, elevated ESR

treat both infection and inflammation

Unit 3 Microbio (13 decks)

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