L24: Blood Gas Exchange

Question 1

upper limit of infinite blood flow =

Answer 1

95

limited by max po2 in arterial blood

Question 2

normal pCO2 inter/intracell

Answer 2

intra = 46
extra = 45

arterial blood entering = 40
venous blood leaving = 45

Question 3

in exercise you may require up to ____ oxygen

Answer 3

20x

Question 4

during exercise Va/Q becomes more ____ in the ___ lungs

Answer 4

more ideal

upper lungs

Question 5

what factors determine tissue pO2

Answer 5

1. rate of o2 transport to tissue

2. rate of o2 consumption by the tissue

Question 6

decrease in blood flow or metabolic rate from normal will ______ peripheral tissue CO2

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

6x increase in blood flow will _____ peripheral CO2 to almost equal ?

Answer 7

decrease

that in arterial blood

Question 8

o2 saturation in venous blood vs. arterial

Answer 8

75% venous

97% arterial

Question 9

oxygen bound to heme groups in arterial vs venous blood

Answer 9

venous 3/4 of oxygen bound

arterial - most o2 is bound

Question 10

what is the oxygen utilization coefficient

Answer 10

25%

75 - 85% in strenuous exercise

Question 11

___ oxygens per hemoglobin

Answer 11

4

Question 12

when po2 is high in pulmonary capillaries, oxygen binds w/ _____ . when po2 is low, oxygen is ?

Answer 12

hemoglobin

released from hemoglobin

Question 13

effect of intracell ADP

Answer 13

when cell po2 is more than 1

ADP becomes limiting factor in the rates of chemical rxns

Question 14

between normal venous and arterial blood __ mL of oxygen is transported to tissues. and in exercise ?

Answer 14

5 ml

15 in exercise

Question 15

increased pCO2 = ______ pH

Answer 15

decreased

and o2 is forced from the hemoglobin

Question 16

what factors shift the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right

Answer 16

1. increased H+ ions
2. increased CO2
3. increased temp
4. increased BPG

Question 17

a shift in the O2-Hb curve to the right = ____ pH

Answer 17

lower pH

Question 18

how does increase in blood co2 and H+ ions effect the o2-hb curve?

Answer 18

shift to right

whereas a decrease in these will shift it left

Question 19

what are the 3 ways that co2 can be transported in the blood

Answer 19

1. 7% dissolved in the blood
2. 70% transported as carbonic acid
3. remaining transported as carbamino hemoglobin

Question 20

requirments for co2 to be transported as carbonic acid

Answer 20

requires carbonic anhydrase

employs bicarbonate/chloride transporter

Question 21

bohr effect

Answer 21

increase in blood co2 causes o2 to be displaced from hemoglobin

shifts curve to right

Question 22

Haldane effect

Answer 22

binding of o2 w/ hemoglobin displaces co2 from blood

shifts curve to right

Question 23

why is it so dangerous to breath carbon monoxide

Answer 23

because Hb has a higher affinity for it than o2

binds 250x stronger than o2

Question 24

why is blood bright red in CO poisoning

Answer 24

o2 content of blood is greatly reduced but po2 of blood may be normal thus blood is bright red