Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KPE263 > L2(L5 Makeup);C3 > Flashcards

L2(L5 Makeup);C3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five types of load bearing tissues?

A 
Bone 
Ligaments 
Tendons 
Cartilage 
Muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

These load bearing tissues adapt _____ and _____ to their loading environment

A

Positively, Negatively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the definition of a load?

A

Externally applied forces and torques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

There are six different mechanical loading modes, name them

A
  1. Tension
  2. Compression
  3. Shear
  4. Torsion
  5. Bending
  6. Combined
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is deformation?

A

When loaded, musculoskeletal tissues change shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The slope of a load deformation curve represents what?

A

Stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the formula for slope in a deformation curve?

A

K=change in load/ change in deformation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is compliance?

A

The inverse of stiffness (1/K)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

As an increased slope, stiffness _______

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True or false, stress and strain are a measure.

A

False, they are converted and normalized.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is mechanical stress?

A

When muscles develop internal resistance to loading.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the formula for mechanical stress?

A

(Sigma)σ=Force/Area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference between stress and pressure?

A

Stress is internal measure of force/cross sectional area

Pressure is external measure of force/surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stress is a ________ load

A

Normalized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does normalization mean?

A

Normalization is a way of allowing comparison of materials. You divide load by cross sections area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stress is the ______ force over a large ________ _______

A

Same, cross-sectional area

17
Q

What is mechanical strain?

A

This is another way of measuring change in shape of material (or object) that is caused by loading.

18
Q

What’s the difference between deformation and strain?

A

Deformation is measured in absolute terms (m)

Strain is measured in relative terms (%)

19
Q

What is the formula for strain?

A

ε=(dimensions change/unloaded dimension)x100

20
Q

Strain, like stress, is __________

A

Normalized

21
Q

For the linear portion of stress and strain, slope represents the _______ ________

A

Elastic modulus (E)

22
Q

What do we convert deformation to?

A

Stress and strain curves

23
Q

What is Hookes law? Wha does it determine?

A

σ =E x ε

This determines stress and strain are linearly related

24
Q

σ =E x ε is similar to what equation?

A

Y=mx

25
Q

Recap! What are the formulas for stress, and strain?

A

Stress= force (load) divided by cross sections area

Strain= deformation (change in band) divided by unloaded change multiply by 100

26
Q

Load deformation curves characterize ________

Stress strain curves characterize ________

A

Structural properties

Material properties

27
Q

What is visoelasticity?

A

This is fluid in the muscles that change the way it shapes. It response to loading dependent on the rate of which tissues are loaded.

28
Q

MSK tissues exhibit a combination of ______ and _______ behaviour

A

Elastic, viscous

29
Q

What is elasticity?

A

When loading is removed, original shape is restored and no energy is lost.

30
Q

What are the four properties of viso-elasticity?

A

Strain rate dependency
Stress relaxation
Creep
Hysteresis

31
Q

Describe strain rate dependency, what does viso elastic material depend on? What is this a function of?

A

the rate at which the material is being deformed will dictate how much force is produced. Viso-elastic material will depend on the speed and load. This is a function of stress and strain

32
Q

What is stress relaxation? What is this a function of?

A

This is also known as constant strain. This is a function of stress and time. Stress relaxation is when you take a tissue and hold it at constant strain. The resistance will decrease over time. Fluid distributes itself until it has a steady state. Stress will overall decrease.

33
Q

What is creep? What is it a function of?

A

This is also known as constant stress. This is a function strain and time. When you apply constant stress, strain keeps going until fluid distributes itself.

34
Q

What is hysteresis? What is it a function of?

A

This is when the loading cycle differs from unloading cycle. This is a function fo stress and strain. Energy is lost on its way back up due to viso elastic proprieties

35
Q

Explain the following terms:

Compression 
Tension 
Shear 
Stress
Torsion
Combined 
Deformation
A

Compression- pressing or squeezing force directly axially through a body
Tension- pulling or stretching force directly through a body
Shear- force directly parallel to body
Stress- force/area distributed of force over body
Torsion- Load producing twisting of a body around longitudinal axis
Combined- more than 1 action
Deformation- change in shape

KPE263 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions