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Sem3: ANAT20050 Trauma > L2 Biomechanical Principles of Trauma > Flashcards

L2 Biomechanical Principles of Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

Resistance of bone to various stresors?

A

Bone is built to be strongest to resist compression stress:

Compression > Tension > Shear

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2
Q

Hierarchy of cortical bone structure?

A
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3
Q

Bone is ________ and highly ________

A

Bone is anisotropic and highly structured:

Orientation of load application influences the stiffness and ultimate strength

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4
Q

A transverse bone fracture is caused by what kind of applied force?

A

Tension

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5
Q

An Oblique fracture is caused by what kind of applied force?

A

Compression

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6
Q

A Butterfly Fracture is caused by what kind of applied force?

A

Bending

Arrow of the cracked bone tells you the direction of impact
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7
Q

A Spiral fracture is caused by what kind of applied force?

A

Torsion

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8
Q

What kind of fracutes are present?

A

Spiral fracture of tibia
Oblique fracture of fibula

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9
Q

Valgus vs. Verus

A

Valgus: Force towards midline

Varus: Force away from midline

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10
Q

What is Wolff’s Law?

A
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11
Q

Significance of Ward’s Triangle?

A
Neutral Zone w/o specific orientation
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12
Q

__________ help sculpt bony apophyses

Example?

A

Tensile forces help sculpt bony apophyses

Tibial tuberosity

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13
Q

______________ is the resistance to bending moment

Anatomical Example?

A

2nd Moment of Inertia is the resistance to bending moment

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14
Q

______________ increases the area moment of inertia of a bone. It has a greater effect on resistance to bending than _______________

A

Periosteal bony callus increases the area moment of inertia of a bone. It has a greater effect on resistance to bending than endosteal callus

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15
Q

Classes of levers in the body?

What class is the deltoid musle?

A
3rd class
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16
Q

Zone 1 of Articular Cartilage deals with what kind of stress?

A

Shear Stress

17
Q

Zone 3 of Articular Cartilage deals with what kind of stress?

A

Compressive stress

18
Q

_________ distinguishes the deep zone from calcified cartilage

Collagen fibrils are __________ to surface in deep zone

A

Tide mark distinguishes the deep zone from calcified cartilage

Collagen fibrils are perpendicular to surface in deep zone

19
Q

Cartilage is stiffer and stronger in tension along ____________

A

Cartilage is stiffer and stronger in tension along split lines

20
Q

_______________ and ______________ are commoner than mid tendon rupture.

A

Musculotendinous Rupture and Bone avulsion are commoner than mid tendon rupture.

Tendons can withstand more tensile stress than muscle or bone.

21
Q

_______________ = slope of Stress/Strain plot

A

Stiffness

22
Q

___________= Area under curve of Stress/Strain plot (StressxStrain)

A

Toughness: the ability of a material to absorb energy (Joules per unit volume) without fracturing

23
Q

What is Young’s Modulus?

A
24
Q
A

Sem3: ANAT20050 Trauma (16 decks)

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