L16: Learning quiz questions Flashcards
What is the movement of filtered solutes and water from the lumen of the tubules to the plasma fluid compartment called?
excretion
reabsorption
filtration
reabsorption
What term is used to describe the rate at which a substance is excreted?
transport maximum
glomerular filtration
micturition
clearance
clearance
Which of the following conditions would increase glomerular filtration pressure?
increased resistance of the afferent arteriole
decreased resistance of the efferent arterioles
increased protein in Bowman’s space
increased protein content in the blood
increased protein in Bowman’s space
Which of the following equations is correct for calculating the filtered load?
glomerular filtration pressure / renal plasma flow
glomerular filtration pressure × plasma concentration of solvent
glomerular filtration rate × plasma concentration of solute
glomerular filtration rate / renal plasma flow
glomerular filtration rate × plasma concentration of solute
Changes in mean arterial pressure have the potential to alter glomerular filtration rate by directly altering which of the following?
Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure
Bowman’s capsule oncotic pressure
glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
glomerular oncotic pressure
glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
If the glomerular filtration rate is 150 mL/min, renal blood flow is 750 mL/min, and the plasma concentration of solute X is 10 ng/mL, then what is the filtration fraction?
10%
20%
1500 ng/min
50 ng/min
20%
Which option only contains arterial blood or, in other words, which option contains blood that is oxygenated the most?
peritubular capillaries
inferior vena cava
vasa recta
glomerular capillaries
glomerular capillaries
Regarding Bowman’s capsule oncotic pressure:
its magnitude is usually the same as that of glomerular oncotic pressure in healthy individuals
its magnitude decreases as the concentration of proteins in Bowman’s capsule increases
its magnitude can be increased if the size of slit pores in the renal corpuscle is greatly increased
it opposes filtration
its magnitude can be increased if the size of slit pores in the renal corpuscle is greatly increased
What does increased renal sympathetic nervous activity do?
- Constricts afferent and efferent arterioles
- thus, decreases GFR
what does the constriction of afferent arterioles do?
Decrease GFR
Joanne’s mean arterial blood pressure decreases from 140 mmHg to 90 mmHg, but her glomerular filtration rate remains stable at approximately 125 mL/min, Why?
constriction of afferent arterioles
increased renal sympathetic nervous system activity
decreased secretion of paracrine signals by macula densa cells
increased flow of fluid in the proximal tubule
decreased secretion of paracrine signals by macula densa cells
In diabetic nephropathy, poorly controlled diabetes impairs the ability of the kidneys to function properly. What would you most likely expect to find in someone with diabetic nephropathy?
increased erythropoietin secretion
increased protein in urine
unaltered ability to regulate glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure
increased rate of waste removal from blood
increased protein in urine
Choose the correct statement
secretion typically occurs in Bowman’s capsule
molarity of Na+ ions is less than the osmolarity of Na+ ions
water mostly moves across the plasma membrane via aquaporins
in a healthy individual, water balance means that the amount of water ingested equals the amount of water excreted
water mostly moves across the plasma membrane via aquaporins
