L13: More bacs IG

Question 1

Discuss TM7

Answer 1

new phylum found using 16S but uncultured, found globally, meaning its very diverse. But were cultured finally

Question 2

What did TM7 Microscopy reveal

Answer 2

big filaments

Question 3

Discuss OP11

Answer 3

*renamed as microgenomates
*Yellowstone used 16S and found everywhere
*used microfluidic techniques and saw partial sequence
*Very small
*never been cultured

Question 4

Colourless sulfur bacteria, TEA, C source, features

Answer 4

Achromatium oxaliferum
* very big
*oxidises H2S and accumilates S0
*TEA not understood maybe O2
*sometimes fixes CO2
*massive CaCO3 calcite inclusions which might be a buffer, metabolic waste product

*might be unculturable because it grows in a community by providing nutrient (its own waste product) for something. OR maybe it needs precise concentrations of nutrients

Question 5

Discuss obligate protozoa symbionts

Answer 5

• flueo blue indicative of F420 which means they also have methanogen coenzyme
• only methanogens (archea have this)

Question 6

What are Magnetotatic bacteria

Answer 6

• not cultured and identified by magnetotacitic behaviour/possesion meaning they sense magnetic lines of planet and aline

*fastitudious mutrional requirements and can appear as multicellular groups, do not like rich nutrient media and need specific concentrations

Question 7

Where are Magnetotatic bacteria found

Answer 7

• in very diverse phyla from alpha to delta
  *very very diverse
  *Proteobactera and Nitrospira

Question 8

Describe the Magnetotoacic bacteria orientation

Answer 8

N hemisphere tends to swim N while S hemisphere swim S

• they swim downward. The poles are east and west
  *gravity does not work so they are using oxygen, which decreases as you go down the water column
  *they sense O2, sulfide gradeints and magnetic gradients

Question 9

What is magnetoaerotoxais

Answer 9

• combining magnetotaxis and aerotaxis to maintain a position in O2 optimal zone, they prefer low O2

*delayed discovery because observed in O2 rich zone

Question 10

What is they’re perfect spot (magneticos) + how

Answer 10

*microaerobic or aneorbic
*swims aways from too reducing (S2)/oxidising condition
*cells accumulate in oxic/anoxic transition zone

use magnetic field cues