L13 Flashcards
which glucose transporter is ubiquitously expressed
GLUT1
what TF induces glut1 expression
Myc
what are the main glucose transporters
GLUT1-5
what does GLUT1 consist of
a single protein with 12 transmembrane helices
HK2
hexokinase 2
enzyme that phosphorylates glucose to initiate glycolysis
LDHA
lactate dehydrogenase
responsible for turning pyruvate into lactate
PDH
pyruvate dehydrogenase
responsible for turning pyruvate into acetyl–coA
ASCT2
alanine serine cysteine transporter 2
transporter that preferentially transports glutamine into cells
GLS
glutaminase
enzyme that converts glutamine into glutamate
what do all of the above molecules have in common
Myc target genes that can increase glucose and glutamine uptake
what happens to glutamine if it enters cells
gets processed by GLS - turns into glutamate
it then engages with glutamate dehydrogenase, which becomes alpha ketoglutarate
what happens to alpha ketoglutarate
goes through TCA cycle -> so it can be converted to an energy form
difference between glutamine and glutamate
glutamine has amine group, glutamate has carboxyl group on end
why is the amine important in glutamine
nitrogen is important for synthesis of molecules
what molecule is ribose-5-phosphate turned into
PRPP
