L12 - Humanistic Focus on the Self Flashcards
What are the two basic needs?
Positive regard
Feeling of self-worth
What are feelings of self-worth?
How much we value ourselves
How do feelings of self-worth develop?
In childhood due to interactions with parents
Later on interactions with friends and spouses influence
What is mesnt by being in a state of congruence
When the perceived self (how we view ourselves) is similar to our ideal self (how we want to be)
More congruence means
Higher feelings of self-worth
What happens if our perceived and ideal selves are dissimilar?
End up in a state of incongruence
Use defence mechanisms to feel less threatened by inconsistencies between the selves
What do conditions of worth involve?
Unconditional positive regard (accepted
Conditional positive regard
Difference between unconditional and conditional positive regard?
Unconditional - accepted regardless of who we are or what we do
Conditional - have to do things others want us do
What are conditions of worth?
Conditions a person has put upon them, by another person, that they must fulfil otherwise they won’t be accepted them
What’s counselling psychology?
A way for people to solve their own problems in constructive ways to become a better functioning person
Rogers believed what?
Psychological problems are due to conditional positive regard from others
Role of therapist in counselling psychology?
Act as a guide to help people better understand themselves
Provide empathy and unconditional positive regard to dissolve CoW so person can become more true to their self
Advantage of humanistic approach?
Study found teenagers who believed they had to fulfil conditions of positive regard from parents disliked themselves
Pretending to be who their parents would love resulted in depression
Disadvantage related to testing
Many abstract concepts e.g. self actualisation
Can be different for everyone
Subjective
Not easily tested
Disadvantage related to variable relationship
Most evidence used to support approach doesn’t show relationship between variables
E.g. after counselling there was more personal growth but don’t know if caused by counselling
