Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYC100 > L10 - social psychology > Flashcards

L10 - social psychology Flashcards

1
Q

first impressions

A

form schemas (mental file folders) quickly & automatically to make sense of the world
1. trustworthiness/warmth (friend or foe?)
2. competence/dominance (social status)
low competence high warmth = protective
low competence low trustworthiness = disdain
high competence high trustworthiness = admire
high competence low warmth = fear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

primacy effect

A

tendency to remember information we encounter first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

factors limiting accuracy of primacy effect

A

effort, deliberate processing
updating impressions
motivation (consequences)
heuristics, impressions management, confirmation bias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

impression management

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

heuristics

A

mental shortcut
transference: applying schema of someone you already knew to someone new

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

accuracy of first impressions

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

attribution theory

A

explanations we assign to couses of event/action/outcome
more shocking = more effort in attributions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dispositional/internal attribution

A

traits, values, attitudes, beliefs, skills, intentions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

self-serving bias

A

tendency to explain own success with internal and failures with external factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

self-serving bias

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

fundamental attribution error

A

tendency to overestimate internal influences & underestimate external influences
default explanation internal in Western indicidualistic culture
can be ovewritten with cognitive effort, has cultural variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

collectivistic society

A

value community, needs of group over individual
sensitive to situational constraints & how ppl adjust
tend to commit FAE less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

stereotypes

A

mental beliefs/schemas/associations we have about groups (over-generalisation)
automatic associations, not judgements
can be positive, neutral, or negative
learned/perpetuated from environment
causes of innacuracy: media bias, applying group characteristics to individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

prejudice

A

negative attitudes or affective (emotional) responses towards groups
bias against person based on their perceived group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

discrimination

A

negative begaviours, differential treatment, often stemming from prejudice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

social categorisation

A

naturally chategorise world based on shared characteristics/common attributes
saves time & mental energy, simplifies chaotic environment, often accurate & useful if no other information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

in-group favouritism

A

our group is better than theirs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

over-estimating group differences

A

they are not like us

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

symbolic/modern racism

A

indirect discrimination eg social policies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

racism/modern racism/symbolic racism

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Robber’s Cave study

A

two groups of children (Eagles & Rattlers) by Sherif in 1961
1. bonding phase
2. competition phase
3. reconciliation phase
superordinate goals: goals so large they require more than one social group to complet

21
Q

realistic conflict theory

A

Robbers Cave
groups competing for access to same resources
negative attitudes towards other group

22
Q

social identity theory

A

in-group favouritism & out-group derogation

23
Q

explicit/implicit attitudes

A

conscious attitudes can be updated easily, implicit (usually measured with Implicit Association Tests using reaction time) can be updated with repeated exposure but difficult

24
Q

elaboration likelihood model

A

dual process of persuasions:
central route - more throughtful (more effort), leads to lasting change in attitude
peripheral route - more impressionable, only temporary change in attitude

25
Q

cognitive dissonance theory

A

disconnect between actions & attitudes
we are motivated to reduce the tension by changing either attitude, behaviour, or perception of behaviour

26
Q

social facilitation

A

working towards goal where individual efforts are evaluated

27
Q

social influence

A
28
Q

social norm

A

behaviours, traditions, beliefs, preferences
commonly accepted & reinforces
change & evolve over time
people in collecticistic cultures tend to conform to social norms more

29
Q

forms of social influence

A

conformity - changing perceptions, opinions, or behaviours in ways consistence with group norms
complicance - changing behaviour in response to direct request
obedience - changing behaviour in response to perceived authority figures

30
Q

informational social influence

A

pressure to conform because we want to be competent have correct information

31
Q

normative social influence

A

pressure to conform to gain approval/fit in (peer pressure)

32
Q

social facilitation

A
33
Q

social influence

A

way people are affected by real & imaginary presence of others

34
Q

obedience

A

how compliant would people be if there was more pressure?

35
Q

milgram studies

A

will normal people harm others at request of authority figure?
participant - teacher
confederate - learner
predicted to stop ~150V, <1% would go all the way
but all went to 300V and 65% went all the way
factors: participants agitated/uncomfortable, told no repsonsibility
least compassionate when learner could not be seen or heard

36
Q

replicating milgram today: Burger study

A

90% obedience rate in presence of authority

37
Q

hostile aggression

A

reactive
goal to harm someone
impulsive emotional, can also be calm & cool

38
Q

hostile aggression

A
39
Q

aggression

A

behaviour with goal to harm other living being - physical, verbal, emotion, direct, indirect

40
Q

theories of aggression

A

gender - men more direct, women more indirect/passive (could be due to socialisation)
neural influences - activation of certain neural systems cause hostility & vice versa
environmental influences - pain, hot weather, crowding, social provocation, social learning

41
Q

prosocial behaviour

A

actions intended to help others
altruism (motivated by empathy) or egoism (motivated by distress)?

42
Q

altruism

A

helping others without expecting anything in return
debate if pure altruism is possible but observed in monkeys

43
Q

reciprocal altruism

A

helping others even if risky with idea that it will be repaid in future

44
Q

norm reciprocity

A

tend to help those who have helped us before

45
Q

bystander effect

A

diffusion of responsibility - assume someone else acted or more skilled to do so
pluralistic ignorance - unaware of others’ true beliefs, misinterpret social cues (think everyone else thinks it’s fine even though everyone bothered)
can overcome effect when one person with leadership skills or first aid training steps forward

46
Q

mere exposure effect

A
47
Q

interpersonal attraction (factors)

A

positive orientation towards someone
mere exposure effect - increased exposure = increased fondness (familiarity)
similarity
reciprocity
physical attraction

48
Q

halo effect

A

what is beautiful is good

49
Q

attachment styles

A

how we interact w someone close to us (strange situation experiment)
positive self & others: secure
negative self, positive others: anxious/ambivalent
positive self, negative others: avoidant
negative self & others: fearful/disorganise

50
Q

impression management

A

self-promotion - competent
ingratiation - likeable
exemplification - dedicated
intimidation - dominant
supplication - needy

PSYC100 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions