Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYC 314 > L10 > Flashcards

L10 Flashcards

1
Q

Death

A

irreversible loss of circulation and respiration or brain function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When is death premature?

A

if it occurs before age 70 or 75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Psychological definition of death

A

the possibility of the impossibility of any existence at all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 aspects of an illness that vary from one disease to another

A

course and length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Palliative care

A

care intended to reduce pain and discomfort and improve quality of life in patients with chronic/terminal illness; standard form of care in nursing homes regardless of prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hospice palliative care

A

relief of suffering from terminal illness that begins after treatment stops and may extend beyond a person’s death to assist in bereavement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Goals of hospice palliative care

A

to provide warmth and personal comfort (e.g. psychological comfort and social support) at the end of life; to manage pain as invasive treatments stop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does hospice care occur?

A

palliative care units of hospitals, freestanding hospices, or in homes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pro and con of home care

A

improved personal control and availability of support but can be problematic for family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benefits of palliative care

A

lower pain, improved quality of life, lower anxiety and depression, reduction in disease symptomatology, prolonged survival, significantly lower healthcare costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

5 goals for medical staff in providing end-of-life care

A

informed consent, safe conduct, significant survival, anticipatory grief, timely and appropriate death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Main goal of end-of-life care

A

help the patient achieve death with dignity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Disparities racialized individuals face in end-of-life care

A

lower use of palliative care services, worse symptom control, less likely to have end-of-life wishes documented or respected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Difficulties medical staff and formal care providers face

A

emotionally draining, unpleasant custodial work, not curative care, less interesting/stimulating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Medically assisted dying

A

a physician knowingly and intentionally provides a person with the knowledge and/or means required to end their life, including counselling about lethal doses of drugs, prescribing, or supplying them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Euthanasia

A

deliberately ending a person’s life to relieve suffering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bill C-14 (2016)

A

restricts MAiD to mentally competent adults who have a serious and incurable illness illness, disease or disability; are in an advanced state of irreversible decline; and face a reasonably foreseeable death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bill C-7 (2020)

A

removes the requirement for MAiD that death be reasonably foreseeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Most common illnesses that lead to MAiD

A

cancer, neurological disorders, respiratory diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Concerns about medically assisted dying

A

incompatibility with care provider’s ethics; errors in diagnoses or prognoses; coercion by family members or physicians; suicide contagion effect; disproportionate impact on vulnerable groups; impact on the bereaved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the only group with a heightened risk in assisted dying?

A

people with AIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Main factor motivating MAiD requests

A

functional decline or inability to participate in meaningful activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

5 stages of dying

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Death acceptance

A

a realization of the inevitability of death that is often neither happy nor sad and sometimes void of feelings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What do people do in death acceptance?

A

detach themselves from events and things they used to value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

2 coping strategies used by hospice patients

A

denial and acceptance (interdependent and fluctuating)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Middle knowledge

A

denying death and minimizing the bleakness of a prognosis while making plans for one’s death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Psychological factors that become more salient as someone approaches death

A

sense of integrity, continuity of relationships, reduction of conflicts, wish/goal fulfillment, reminiscence, symbolic immortality, generativity, spirituality/religiosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is driving a person approaching death to achieve certain goals?

A

a desire for meaning and purpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Personal meaning

A

a sense of purpose, direction, order, reason for existence, personal identity, and greater social consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

2 types of autobiographical activities

A

reminiscence and life review

32
Q

Reminiscence

A

volitional and non-volitional act of recollecting memories of one’s self in the past

33
Q

Life review

A

return of memories and past conflicts at end of life; a spontaneous reconciliation of one’s life

34
Q

2 cross-generational methods

A

symbolic immortality and generativity

35
Q

Symbolic immortality

A

a sense of continuity or immortality obtained through symbolic means

36
Q

Examples of symbolic immortality

A

raising a child, teaching or mentoring, giving back or making a difference, connecting with nature, creative acts, spiritual/religious beliefs

37
Q

Generativity

A

a concern for establishing and guiding the next generation

38
Q

Religiosity

A

endorsing or subscribing to an organized system of beliefs, practices, rituals, and symbols

39
Q

External vs. internal religiosity

A

external and self-serving motivations; meaning-based and altruistic motivations

40
Q

Spirituality

A

personal quest for understanding answers to ultimate questions about life, meaning, and relationship to the sacred or transcendent

41
Q

Death anxiety

A

worry, dread, and terror over the prospect and/or process of dying

42
Q

2 reasons why older adults are more likely to think about death but less likely to fear it

A

having accumulated more experience with loss and death; having lived a long life and accepting death as natural

43
Q

Survivor’s acceptance

A

accepting the reality that our loved one is physically gone and recognizing that the new reality is permanent (different from being ok with what happened)

44
Q

Characteristics of grief

A

flexible, non-linear, personal, unique

45
Q

Complicated grief

A

when the grieving process does not progress as expected: persistent and debilitating symptoms that last longer than a year

46
Q

3 typical symptoms of complicated grief

A

prolonged acute grief with intense yearning and sorrow; frequent troubling thoughts about the death; excessive avoidance of reminders of the loss

47
Q

Prolonged grief disorder

A

persistent grief response following the death of a loved one for at least 1 year following the loss

48
Q

Symptoms of prolonged grief disorder

A

yearning for the deceased and/or preoccupation with them, distress, emotional/social challenges

49
Q

Integrated grief

A

lasting form of grief in which loss-related thoughts, feelings, behaviors are integrated into a person’s ongoing functioning without dominating

50
Q

Health-survival paradox

A

women experience higher rates of disability and poor health despite living longer than men

51
Q

Well-being paradox

A

older adults report less stress, greater happiness, and higher life satisfaction compared to younger adults especially in wealthy countries even with increasing physical/cognitive decline

52
Q

Success

A

prosperous achievement of something attempted; the attainment of an object according to one’s desire

53
Q

How do aging adults define successful aging?

A

physical activity, income, health, social interactions, sense of purpose, self-acceptance, personal growth, autonomy

54
Q

How do aging adults define life satisfaction?

A

physical activity, income, health, social interactions (basic needs); a precursor to successful aging

55
Q

2 aspects of successful aging

A

optimizing life expectancy and minimizing physical/psychological/social morbidity

56
Q

3 factors in the biopsychosocial perspective on successful aging (Rowe and Khan)

A

avoiding disease and disability; active engagement in life (including social relations); high cognitive and physical function

57
Q

What is the suggested addition to the biopsychosocial perspective on SA?

A

positive spirituality

58
Q

How is successful aging achieved?

A

selective optimization of existing abilities through practice and technologies; compensation for loss of abilities by engaging in new strategies

59
Q

Markers of success

A

feelings of wisdom and acceptance of death

60
Q

What feelings does failure involve?

A

regret, bitterness

61
Q

Wisdom

A

the coordination of knowledge and experience to improve well-being

62
Q

Socio-emotional selectivity theory

A

people are increasingly motivated to find meaning as they shift their priorities in the 2nd half of life

63
Q

SA according to the socio-emotional selectivity theory

A

a redirected focus on what matters most in life

64
Q

Predictors of successful aging

A

earlier reports of successful aging, financial status, physical functioning, social support and social resources, happiness and life satisfaction, emotional well-being and security, personal meaning, sense of purpose and inner peace, spirituality

65
Q

How does stress impact aging in women?

A

high levels of perceived stress > shorter than average telomeres > at least one decade of additional aging compared to low stress women

66
Q

2 behaviors correlated with telomere length

A

physical activity and good nutrition

67
Q

Goal of anti-aging science

A

to make aging a chronic condition we can treat

68
Q

Primary vs secondary aging

A

changes that occur due to biological factors vs environmental factors that are controllable

69
Q

Relationship factors that contribute to cognitive decline

A

low social activity, small network size, loneliness, low emotional support

70
Q

Factors that increase risk of social isolation

A

being older, male, lower income, more chronic conditions and functional impairment

71
Q

Ageism

A

discrimination and social oppression due to a person’s age

72
Q

Limitation of Rowe and Khan’s model of successful aging

A

ignores experiences across lifespan and omits other indicators of success

73
Q

Schulz and Heckhausen model of successful aging

A

defines it as the development and maintenance of primary control (efforts in managing and controlling one’s environment)

74
Q

4 dimensions of Indigenous experiences with aging

A

health and wellness, empowerment and resilience, engagement and behavior, connectedness

75
Q

2 strongest predictors of successful aging

A

not smoking and good social support

76
Q

4 conditions of dignity

A

lack of pain and suffering; independence; control; integrity

77
Q

4 common patterns on adjustment after trauma

A

resilient, recovered, chronic, delayed

PSYC 314 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions